<h2><SPAN name="chapter-23"><abbr title="Twenty-Three">XXIII.</abbr> <br/> MISS LIEN-HSIANG.</SPAN></h2>
<p><span class="smallcaps">There</span> was a young man named Sang Tzŭ-ming, a
native of I-chou, who had been left an orphan when
quite young. He lived near the Saffron market, and
kept himself very much to himself, only going out twice
a day for his meals to a neighbour's close by, and sitting
quietly at home all the rest of his time. One day
the said neighbour called, and asked him in joke if
he wasn't afraid of devil-foxes, so much alone as he
was. “Oh,” replied Sang, laughing, “what has the
superior man to fear from devil-foxes. If they come
as men, I have here a sharp sword for them; and if
as women, why, I shall open the door and ask them
to walk in.” The neighbour went away, and having
arranged with a friend of his, they got a young lady
of their acquaintance to climb over Sang's wall with
the help of a ladder, and knock at the door. Sang
peeped through, and called out, “Who's there?” to which
<span class="pagenum" title="169"><SPAN name="Page_169"></SPAN></span>
the girl answered, “A devil!” and frightened Sang so
dreadfully that his teeth chattered in his head. The
girl then ran away, and next morning when his neighbour
came to see him, Sang told him what had happened,
and said he meant to go back to his native place. The
neighbour then clapped his hands, and said to Sang,
“Why didn't you ask her in?” Whereupon Sang perceived
that he had been tricked, and went on quietly
again as before.</p>
<p>Some six months afterwards, a young lady knocked at
his door; and Sang, thinking his friends were at their old
tricks, opened it at once, and asked her to walk in. She
did so; and he beheld to his astonishment a perfect
Helen for beauty. Asking her whence she came, she
replied that her name was Lien-hsiang, and that she
lived not very far off, adding that she had long been
anxious to make his acquaintance. After that she
used to drop in every now and again for a chat; but
one evening when Sang was sitting alone expecting her,
another young lady suddenly walked in. Thinking it
was Lien-hsiang, Sang got up to meet her, but found
that the new-comer was somebody else. She was about
fifteen or sixteen years of age, wore very full sleeves, and
dressed her hair after the fashion of unmarried girls,
being otherwise very stylish-looking and refined, and
apparently hesitating whether to go on or go back.
<span class="pagenum" title="170"><SPAN name="Page_170"></SPAN></span>
Sang, in a great state of alarm, took her for a fox;
but the young lady said, “My name is Li, and I am
of a respectable family. Hearing of your virtue and
talent, I hope to be accorded the honour of your
acquaintance.” Sang laughed, and took her by the
hand, which he found was as cold as ice; and when
he asked the reason, she told him that she had always
been delicate, and that it was very chilly outside. She
then remarked that she intended to visit him pretty
frequently, and hoped it would not inconvenience him;
so he explained that no one came to see him except
another young lady, and that not very often. “When
she comes, I'll go,” replied the young lady, “and only
drop in when she's not here.” She then gave him an
embroidered slipper, saying that she had worn it, and
that whenever he shook it she would know that he
wanted to see her, cautioning him at the same time
never to shake it before strangers. Taking it in his
hand he beheld a very tiny little shoe almost as fine
pointed as an awl, with which he was much pleased; and
next evening, when nobody was present, he produced the
shoe and shook it, whereupon the young lady immediately
walked in. Henceforth, whenever he brought
it out, the young lady responded to his wishes and
appeared before him. This seemed so strange that at
last he asked her to give him some explanation; but she
only laughed, and said it was mere coincidence. One
evening after this Lien-hsiang came, and said in alarm
to Sang, “Whatever has made you look so melancholy?”
Sang replied that he did not know, and by-and-by she
<span class="pagenum" title="171"><SPAN name="Page_171"></SPAN></span>
took her leave, saying, they would not meet again for
some ten days. During this period Miss Li visited
Sang every day, and on one occasion asked him where
his other friend was. Sang told her; and then she
laughed and said, “What is your opinion of me as
compared with Lien-hsiang?” “You are both of you
perfection,” replied he, “but you are a little <em>colder</em> of
the two.” Miss Li didn't much like this, and cried
out, “<i>Both of us perfection</i> is what you say to <em>me</em>. Then
she must be a downright Cynthia, and I am no match
for her.” Somewhat out of temper, she reckoned that
Lien-hsiang's ten days had expired, and said she would
have a peep at her, making Sang promise to keep it
all secret. The next evening Lien-hsiang came, and
while they were talking she suddenly exclaimed, “Oh,
dear! how much worse you seem to have become in
the last ten days. You must have encountered something
bad.” Sang asked her why so; to which she
answered, “First of all your appearance; and then
your pulse is very thready. You've got the devil-disease.”</p>
<p>The following evening when Miss Li came, Sang
asked her what she thought of Lien-hsiang. “Oh,”
said she, “there's no question about her beauty; but
she's a fox. When she went away I followed her to
her hole on the hill side.” Sang, however, attributed this
<span class="pagenum" title="172"><SPAN name="Page_172"></SPAN></span>
remark to jealousy, and took no notice of it; but the
next evening when Lien-hsiang came, he observed, “I
don't believe it myself, but some one has told me you
are a fox.” Lien-hsiang asked who had said so, to which
Sang replied that he was only joking; and then she
begged him to explain what difference there was between
a fox and an ordinary person. “Well,” answered Sang,
“foxes frighten people to death, and, therefore, they are
very much dreaded.” “Don't you believe that!” cried
Lien-hsiang; “and now tell me who has been saying
this of me.” Sang declared at first that it was only
a joke of his, but by-and-by yielded to her instances,
and let out the whole story. “Of course I saw how
changed you were,” said Lien-hsiang; “she is surely not
a human being to be able to cause such a rapid alteration
in you. Say nothing, to-morrow I'll watch her as she
watched me.” The following evening Miss Li came
in; and they had hardly interchanged half-a-dozen
sentences when a cough was heard outside the window,
and Miss Li ran away. Lien-hsiang then entered and
said to Sang, “You are lost! She is a devil, and if you
do not at once forbid her coming here, you will soon
be on the road to the other world.” “All jealousy,”
thought Sang, saying nothing, as Lien-hsiang continued,
“I know that you don't like to be rude to her; but I,
for my part, cannot see you sacrificed, and to-morrow
I will bring you some medicine to expel the poison from
your system. Happily, the disease has not yet taken
firm hold of you, and in ten days you will be well again.”
The next evening she produced a knife and chopped
<span class="pagenum" title="173"><SPAN name="Page_173"></SPAN></span>
up some medicine for Sang, which made him feel much
better; but, although he was very grateful to her, he still
persisted in disbelieving that he had the devil-disease.
After some days he recovered and Lien-hsiang left him,
warning him to have no more to do with Miss Li. Sang
pretended that he would follow her advice, and closed the
door and trimmed his lamp. He then took out the slipper,
and on shaking it Miss Li appeared, somewhat cross
at having been kept away for several days. “She merely
attended on me these few nights while I was ill,” said
Sang; “don't be angry.” At this Miss Li brightened
up a little; but by-and-by Sang told her that people
said she was a devil. “It's that nasty fox,” cried Miss
Li, after a pause, “putting these things into your head.
If you don't break with her, I won't come here again.”
She then began to sob and cry, and Sang had some
trouble in pacifying her. Next evening Lien-hsiang
came and found out that Miss Li had been there again;
whereupon she was very angry with Sang, and told him
he would certainly die. “Why need you be so jealous?”
said Sang, laughing; at which she only got more enraged,
and replied, “When you were nearly dying the other day
and I saved you, if I had not been jealous, where would
you have been now?” Sang pretended he was only
joking, and said that Miss Li had told him his recent
illness was entirely owing to the machinations of a fox;
to which she replied, “It's true enough what you say,
only you don't see <em>whose</em> machinations. However, if
any thing happens to you, I should never clear myself
even had I a hundred mouths; we will, therefore, part.
<span class="pagenum" title="174"><SPAN name="Page_174"></SPAN></span>
A hundred days hence I shall see you on your bed.”
Sang could not persuade her to stay, and away she
went; and from that time Miss Li became a regular
visitor.</p>
<p>Two months passed away, and Sang began to experience
a feeling of great lassitude, which he tried at first
to shake off, but by-and-by he became very thin, and could
only take thick gruel. He then thought about going back
to his native place; however, he could not bear to leave
Miss Li, and in a few more days he was so weak that he
was unable to get up. His friend next door, seeing how
ill he was, daily sent in his boy with food and drink; and
now Sang began for the first time to suspect Miss Li.
So he said to her, “I am sorry I didn't listen to Lien-hsiang
before I got as bad as this.” He then closed
his eyes and kept them shut for some time; and when
he opened them again Miss Li had disappeared. Their
acquaintanceship was thus at an end, and Sang lay all
emaciated as he was upon his bed in his solitary room
longing for the return of Lien-hsiang. One day, while
he was still thinking about her, some one drew aside the
screen and walked in. It was Lien-hsiang; and approaching
the bed she said with a smile, “Was I then
talking such nonsense?” Sang struggled a long time
to speak; and, at length, confessing he had been wrong,
implored her to save him. “When the disease has
reached such a pitch as this,” replied Lien-hsiang, “there
is very little to be done. I merely came to bid you farewell,
and to clear up your doubts about my jealousy.” In
great tribulation, Sang asked her to take something she
<span class="pagenum" title="175"><SPAN name="Page_175"></SPAN></span>
would find under his pillow and destroy it; and she
accordingly drew forth the slipper, which she proceeded
to examine by the light of the lamp, turning it over and
over. All at once Miss Li walked in, but when she
saw Lien-hsiang she turned back as though she would
run away, which Lien-hsiang instantly prevented by
placing herself in the doorway. Sang then began to
reproach her, and Miss Li could make no reply; whereupon
Lien-hsiang said, “At last we meet. Formerly you
attributed this gentleman's illness to me; what have you
to say now?” Miss Li bent her head in acknowledgment
of her guilt, and Lien-hsiang continued, “How
is it that a nice girl like you can thus turn love into
hate?” Here Miss Li threw herself on the ground
in a flood of tears and begged for mercy; and Lien-hsiang,
raising her up, inquired of her as to her past
life. “I am a daughter of a petty official named
Li, and I died young, leaving the web of my destiny
incomplete, like the silkworm that perishes in
the spring. To be the partner of this gentleman
was my ardent wish; but I had never any intention of
causing his death.” “I have heard,” remarked Lien-hsiang,
“that the advantage devils obtain by killing
people is that their victims are ever with them after
death. Is this so?” “It is not,” replied Miss Li; “the
companionship of two devils gives no pleasure to either.
Were it otherwise, I should not have wanted for friends
in the realms below. But tell me, how do foxes manage
not to kill people?” “You allude to such foxes as suck
the breath out of people?” replied Lien-hsiang; “I am
<span class="pagenum" title="176"><SPAN name="Page_176"></SPAN></span>
not of that class. Some foxes are harmless; no devils
are, because of the dominance of the <i>yin</i> in their compositions.”
Sang now knew that these two girls were
really a fox and a devil; however, from being long
accustomed to their society, he was not in the least
alarmed. His breathing had dwindled to a mere thread,
and at length he uttered a cry of pain. Lien-hsiang
looked round and said, “How shall we cure him?”
upon which Miss Li blushed deeply and drew back; and
then Lien-hsiang added, “If he does get well, I'm afraid
you will be dreadfully jealous.” Miss Li drew herself
up, and replied, “Could a physician be found to wipe
away the wrong I have done to this gentleman, I would
bury my head in the ground. How should I look the
world in the face?” Lien-hsiang here opened a bag and
drew forth some drugs, saying, “I have been looking
forward to this day. When I left this gentleman I
proceeded to gather my simples, as it would take three
months for the medicine to be got ready; but then,
should the poison have brought anyone even to death's
door, this medicine is able to call him back. The only
condition is that it be administered by the very hand
<span class="pagenum" title="177"><SPAN name="Page_177"></SPAN></span>
which wrought the ill.” Miss Li did as she was told
and put the pills Lien-hsiang gave her one after another
into Sang's mouth. They burnt his inside like fire; but
soon vitality began to return, and Lien-hsiang cried out,
“He is cured!” Just at this moment Miss Li heard the
cock crow and vanished, Lien-hsiang remaining behind
in attendance on the invalid, who was unable to feed
himself. She bolted the outside door and pretended
that Sang had returned to his native place, so as to
prevent visitors from calling. Day and night she took
care of him, and every evening Miss Li came in to
render assistance, regarding Lien-hsiang as an elder
sister, and being treated by her with great consideration
and kindness. Three months afterwards Sang was as
strong and well as ever he had been, and then for
several evenings Miss Li ceased to visit them, only
staying a few moments when she did come, and seeming
very uneasy in her mind. One evening Sang ran after her
and carried her back in his arms, finding her no heavier
than so much straw; and then, being obliged to stay,
she curled herself up and lay down, to all appearance
<span class="pagenum" title="178"><SPAN name="Page_178"></SPAN></span>
in a state of unconsciousness, and by-and-by she was
gone. For many days they heard nothing of her, and
Sang was so anxious that she should come back that
he often took out her slipper and shook it. “I don't
wonder at your missing her,” said Lien-hsiang, “I do
myself very much indeed.” “Formerly,” observed Sang,
“when I shook the slipper she invariably came. I
thought it very strange, but I never suspected her of
being a devil. And now, alas! all I can do is to sit
and think about her with this slipper in my hand.” He
then burst into a flood of tears.</p>
<p>Now a young lady named Yen-êrh, belonging to the
wealthy Chang family, and about fifteen years of age,
had died suddenly, without any apparent cause, and had
come to life again in the night, when she got up and
wished to go out. They barred the door and would
not hear of her doing so; upon which she said, “I am
the spirit daughter of a petty magistrate. A Mr. Sang
has been very kind to me, and I have left my slipper
at his house. I am really a spirit; what is the use of
keeping me in?” There being some reason for what
she said, they asked her why she had come there; but
she only looked up and down without being able to
give any explanation. Some one here observed, that
Mr. Sang had already gone home, but the young lady
utterly refused to believe them. The family was much disturbed
at all this; and when Sang's neighbour heard the
story, he jumped over the wall, and peeping through beheld
Sang sitting there chatting with a pretty-looking girl.
As he went in, there was some commotion, during which
<span class="pagenum" title="179"><SPAN name="Page_179"></SPAN></span>
Sang's visitor had disappeared, and when his neighbour
asked the meaning of it all, Sang replied, laughing,
“Why, I told you if any ladies came I should ask them
in.” His friend then repeated what Miss Yen-êrh
had said; and Sang, unbolting his door, was about to
go and have a peep at her, but unfortunately had no
means of so doing. Meanwhile Mrs. Chang, hearing
that he had not gone away, was more lost in astonishment
than ever, and sent an old woman-servant to
get back the slipper. Sang immediately gave it to her,
and Miss Yen-êrh was delighted to recover it, though
when she came to try it on it was too small for her
by a good inch. In considerable alarm, she seized
a mirror to look at herself; and suddenly became
aware that she had come to life again in some one
else's body. She therefore told all to her mother,
and finally succeeded in convincing her, crying all
the time because she was so changed for the worse
as regarded personal appearance from what she had
been before. And whenever she happened to see
Lien-hsiang, she was very much disconcerted, declaring
that she had been much better off as a devil
than now as a human being. She would sit and weep
over the slipper, no one being able to comfort her; and
finally, covering herself up with bed-clothes, she lay
all stark and stiff, positively refusing to take any
nourishment. Her body swelled up, and for seven
days she refused all food, but did not die; and then the
swelling began to subside, and an intense hunger to
come upon her which made her once more think about
<span class="pagenum" title="180"><SPAN name="Page_180"></SPAN></span>
eating. Then she was troubled with a severe irritation,
and her skin peeled entirely away; and when she got
up in the morning, she found that the shoes had fallen
off. On trying to put them on again, she discovered
that they did not fit her any longer; and then she went
back to her former pair which were now exactly of the
right size and shape. In an ecstasy of joy, she grasped
her mirror, and saw that her features had also changed
back to what they had formerly been; so she washed
and dressed herself and went in to visit her mother.
Every one who met her was much astonished; and when
Lien-hsiang heard the strange story, she tried to persuade
Mr. Sang to make her an offer of marriage. But the
young lady was rich and Sang was poor, and he did
not see his way clearly. However, on Mrs. Chang's
birthday, when she completed her cycle of sixty-one
years, Sang went along with the others to wish her
many happy returns of the day; and when the old
<span class="pagenum" title="181"><SPAN name="Page_181"></SPAN></span>
lady knew who was coming, she bade Yen-êrh take
a peep at him from behind the curtain. Sang arrived
last of all; and immediately out rushed Miss Yen-êrh
and seized his sleeve, and said she would go back with
him. Her mother scolded her well for this, and she
ran in abashed; but Sang, who had looked at her
closely, began to weep, and threw himself at the feet
of Mrs. Chang who raised him up without saying
anything unkind. Sang then took his leave, and got
his uncle to act as medium between them; the result
being that an auspicious day was fixed upon for the
wedding. At the appointed time Sang proceeded to
the house to fetch her; and when he returned he found
that, instead of his former poor-looking furniture,
beautiful carpets were laid down from the very door,
and thousands of coloured lanterns were hung about
in elegant designs. Lien-hsiang assisted the bride to
enter, and took off her veil, finding her the same bright
girl as ever. She also joined them while drinking
the wedding cup, and inquired of her friend as to
her recent transmigration; and Yen-êrh related as
follows:—“Overwhelmed with grief, I began to shrink
<span class="pagenum" title="182"><SPAN name="Page_182"></SPAN></span>
from myself as some unclean thing; and, after separating
from you that day, I would not return any more to my
grave. So I wandered about at random, and whenever
I saw a living being, I envied its happy state. By
day I remained among trees and shrubs, but at night
I used to roam about anywhere. And once I came to
the house of the Chang family, where, seeing a young
girl lying upon the bed, I took possession of her mortal
coil, unknowing that she would be restored to life
again.” When Lien-hsiang heard this she was for
some time lost in thought; and a month or two afterwards
became very ill. She refused all medical aid and
gradually got worse and worse, to the great grief of
Mr. Sang and his wife, who stood weeping at her bedside.
Suddenly she opened her eyes, and said, “You
wish to live; I am willing to die. If fate so ordains it,
we shall meet again ten years hence.” As she uttered
these words, her spirit passed away, and all that remained
was the dead body of a fox. Sang, however,
insisted on burying it with all the proper ceremonies.</p>
<p>Now his wife had no children; but one day a servant
came in and said, “There is an old woman outside who
has got a little girl for sale.” Sang's wife gave orders
that she should be shown in; and no sooner had she
set eyes on the girl than she cried out, “Why, she's the
image of Lien-hsiang!” Sang then looked at her, and
found to his astonishment that she was really very like
his old friend. The old woman said she was fourteen
years old; and when asked what her price was, declared
that her only wish was to get the girl comfortably
<span class="pagenum" title="183"><SPAN name="Page_183"></SPAN></span>
settled, and enough to keep herself alive, and ensure not
being thrown out into the kennel at death. So Sang
gave a good price for her; and his wife, taking the
girl's hand, led her into a room by themselves. Then,
chucking her under the chin, she asked her, smiling,
“Do you know me?” The girl said she did not; after
which she told Mrs. Sang that her name was Wei, and
that her father, who had been a pickle-merchant at
Hsü-ch'êng, had died three years before. Mrs. Sang
then calculated that Lien-hsiang had been dead just
ten years; and, looking at the girl, who resembled
her so exactly in every trait, at length patted her on
the head, saying, “Ah, my sister, you promised to visit
us again in ten years, and you have not played us false.”
The girl here seemed to wake up as if from a dream,
and, uttering an exclamation of surprise, fixed a steady
<span class="pagenum" title="184"><SPAN name="Page_184"></SPAN></span>
gaze upon Sang's wife. Sang himself laughed, and said,
“Just like the return of an old familiar swallow.”
“Now I understand,” cried the girl, in tears; “I recollect
my mother saying that when I was born I was able
to speak; and that, thinking it an inauspicious manifestation,
they gave me dog's blood to drink, so that
I should forget all about my previous state of existence.
Is it all a dream, or are you not the Miss Li who
was so ashamed of being a devil?” Thus they chatted
of their existence in a former life, with alternate tears
and smiles; but when it came to the day for worshipping
at the tombs, Yen-êrh explained that she and her
husband were in the habit of annually visiting and
mourning over her grave. The girl replied that she
would accompany them; and when they got there
they found the whole place in disorder, and the coffin
wood all warped. “Lien-hsiang and I,” said Yen-êrh
to her husband, “have been attached to each other in
two states of existence. Let us not be separated, but
bury my bones here with hers.” Sang consented, and
opening Miss Li's tomb, took out the bones and buried
them with those of Lien-hsiang, while friends and
relatives, who had heard the strange story, gathered
round the grave in gala dress to the number of many
hundreds.</p>
<p>I learnt the above when travelling through I-chou,
<span class="pagenum" title="185"><SPAN name="Page_185"></SPAN></span>
where I was detained at an inn by rain, and read a
biography of Mr. Sang written by a comrade of his
named Wang Tzŭ-chang. It was lent me by a Mr. Liu
Tzŭ-ching, a relative of Sang's, and was quite a long
account. This is merely an outline of it.</p>
<p class="pagenum-h-p"><span class="pagenum" title="186"><SPAN name="Page_186"></SPAN></span></p>
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