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Roughing It

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<h1> ROUGHING IT </h1> <p><br/><br/></p> <h2> By Mark Twain </h2> <p><br/><br/><br/><br/></p> <div class="fig"> <ANTIMG alt="frontispiece1.jpg (168K)" src="images/frontispiece1.jpg" width-obs="100%" /></div> <p><SPAN name="frontispiece2" id="frontispiece2"></SPAN></p> <div class="fig"> <ANTIMG alt="frontispiece2.jpg (184K)" src="images/frontispiece2.jpg" width-obs="100%" /></div> <p><br/><br/><br/><br/></p> <div class="fig"> <ANTIMG alt="titlepage.jpg (95K)" src="images/titlepage.jpg" width-obs="100%" /></div> <p><br/><br/><br/><br/></p> <div class="fig"> <ANTIMG alt="dedication.jpg (18K)" src="images/dedication.jpg" width-obs="100%" /></div> <p><br/><br/><br/><br/></p> <h2> PREFATORY. </h2> <p><br/></p> <p>This book is merely a personal narrative, and not a pretentious history or a philosophical dissertation. It is a record of several years of variegated vagabondizing, and its object is rather to help the resting reader while away an idle hour than afflict him with metaphysics, or goad him with science. Still, there is information in the volume; information concerning an interesting episode in the history of the Far West, about which no books have been written by persons who were on the ground in person, and saw the happenings of the time with their own eyes. I allude to the rise, growth and culmination of the silver-mining fever in Nevada—a curious episode, in some respects; the only one, of its peculiar kind, that has occurred in the land; and the only one, indeed, that is likely to occur in it.</p> <p>Yes, take it all around, there is quite a good deal of information in the book. I regret this very much; but really it could not be helped: information appears to stew out of me naturally, like the precious ottar of roses out of the otter. Sometimes it has seemed to me that I would give worlds if I could retain my facts; but it cannot be. The more I calk up the sources, and the tighter I get, the more I leak wisdom. Therefore, I can only claim indulgence at the hands of the reader, not justification.</p> <p>THE AUTHOR.</p> <p><br/><br/><br/><br/></p> <p><SPAN name="ch01" id="ch01"></SPAN></p> <h2> CHAPTER I. </h2> <p><br/></p> <p>My brother had just been appointed Secretary of Nevada Territory—an office of such majesty that it concentrated in itself the duties and dignities of Treasurer, Comptroller, Secretary of State, and Acting Governor in the Governor's absence. A salary of eighteen hundred dollars a year and the title of "Mr. Secretary," gave to the great position an air of wild and imposing grandeur. I was young and ignorant, and I envied my brother. I coveted his distinction and his financial splendor, but particularly and especially the long, strange journey he was going to make, and the curious new world he was going to explore. He was going to travel! I never had been away from home, and that word "travel" had a seductive charm for me. Pretty soon he would be hundreds and hundreds of miles away on the great plains and deserts, and among the mountains of the Far West, and would see buffaloes and Indians, and prairie dogs, and antelopes, and have all kinds of adventures, and may be get hanged or scalped, and have ever such a fine time, and write home and tell us all about it, and be a hero. And he would see the gold mines and the silver mines, and maybe go about of an afternoon when his work was done, and pick up two or three pailfuls of shining slugs, and nuggets of gold and silver on the hillside. And by and by he would become very rich, and return home by sea, and be able to talk as calmly about San Francisco and the ocean, and "the isthmus" as if it was nothing of any consequence to have seen those marvels face to face.</p> <p><SPAN name="link020" id="link020"></SPAN></p> <div class="fig"> <ANTIMG alt="020.jpg (69K)" src="images/020.jpg" width-obs="100%" /></div> <p>What I suffered in contemplating his happiness, pen cannot describe. And so, when he offered me, in cold blood, the sublime position of private secretary under him, it appeared to me that the heavens and the earth passed away, and the firmament was rolled together as a scroll! I had nothing more to desire. My contentment was complete.</p> <p>At the end of an hour or two I was ready for the journey. Not much packing up was necessary, because we were going in the overland stage from the Missouri frontier to Nevada, and passengers were only allowed a small quantity of baggage apiece. There was no Pacific railroad in those fine times of ten or twelve years ago—not a single rail of it. I only proposed to stay in Nevada three months—I had no thought of staying longer than that. I meant to see all I could that was new and strange, and then hurry home to business. I little thought that I would not see the end of that three-month pleasure excursion for six or seven uncommonly long years!</p> <p>I dreamed all night about Indians, deserts, and silver bars, and in due time, next day, we took shipping at the St. Louis wharf on board a steamboat bound up the Missouri River.</p> <p><SPAN name="link021" id="link021"></SPAN></p> <div class="fig"> <ANTIMG alt="021.jpg (82K)" src="images/021.jpg" width-obs="100%" /></div> <p>We were six days going from St. Louis to "St. Jo."—a trip that was so dull, and sleepy, and eventless that it has left no more impression on my memory than if its duration had been six minutes instead of that many days. No record is left in my mind, now, concerning it, but a confused jumble of savage-looking snags, which we deliberately walked over with one wheel or the other; and of reefs which we butted and butted, and then retired from and climbed over in some softer place; and of sand-bars which we roosted on occasionally, and rested, and then got out our crutches and sparred over.</p> <p>In fact, the boat might almost as well have gone to St. Jo. by land, for she was walking most of the time, anyhow—climbing over reefs and clambering over snags patiently and laboriously all day long. The captain said she was a "bully" boat, and all she wanted was more "shear" and a bigger wheel. I thought she wanted a pair of stilts, but I had the deep sagacity not to say so.</p> <div style="break-after:column;"></div><br />

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