Birds and All Nature, Vol. VII, No 1, January 1900

<h2><SPAN name="THE_LILY_OF_THE_VALLEY" id="THE_LILY_OF_THE_VALLEY"></SPAN> THE LILY OF THE VALLEY.</h2> <p class="ac">PROF. W. K. HIGLEY,<br/> <span class="smaller">Secretary, Chicago Academy of Sciences.</span></p> <div class="poetry-container"> <div class="poetry"> <div class="stanza"> <div class="verse">Fair flower, that, lapt in lowly glade,</div> <div class="verse">Dost hide beneath the greenwood shade,</div> <div class="verse indent-2">Than whom the vernal gale</div> <div class="verse">None fairer wakes, on bank or spray</div> <div class="verse">Our England's lily, of the May,</div> <div class="verse indent-2">Our lily of the vale!</div> </div> <div class="stanza"> <div class="verse">Of thy twin-leaves the embowered screen,</div> <div class="verse">Which wraps thee in thy shroud of green;</div> <div class="verse indent-2">Thy Eden-breathing smell;</div> <div class="verse">Thy arch'd and purple-vested stem,</div> <div class="verse">Whence pendant many a pearly gem,</div> <div class="verse indent-2">Displays a milk-white bell.</div> <div class="verse ar">&mdash;<i>Bishop Mant.</i></div> </div></div> </div> <p>THE lily of the valley is one of the most delicate and beautiful of the lily family (<i>Liliaceæ</i>). With the exception of the orchid family probably no group of plants furnishes a larger variety of popular forms noted alike for their beauty and delicacy.</p> <p>It has been truly said of the lily family that "the flowers of most are beautiful, of many brilliant, and of some truly splendid." This family contains about one hundred and fifty genera and over thirteen hundred species. They are world-wide in their distribution, excepting the Arctic zone, though they are more common in the temperate and subtropical regions.</p> <p>Among the species sought by the lover of cultivated flowers none is more noteworthy than the tulip, a native of Persia. It is claimed that there are more than seven hundred forms of the tulip known to the florist&mdash;all variations of a single species.</p> <p>The type of the family is the lily. The lily is the Persian personification of night, <i>lil</i> or <i>lilleh</i> being essentially the words used to designate evening. It is the Indo-Iranian analogue of the rose, which in countries speaking the romance languages, as well as in China, stands for a symbol of secrecy and was planted over graves as an emblem of immortality.</p> <p>To this family also belong the day-lily, the tuberose, the hyacinth, the yucca, and the star-of-Bethlehem. Here also is classed the useful though much-abused onion, the flowers of which, though small, form a most graceful group at the top of the stem, especially in the wild species.</p> <p>Asparagus is usually placed in this family and many species, such as squills and the varieties of aloes, are highly valued in medicine. In fact it may be said that the family "abounds in a bitter, stimulant principle and also in mucilage." It is of interest that some of the species of this family were prized by the Greeks and Romans for their medicinal value. The name for aloes in both languages refers to the bitter principle, and no name could be more appropriate, as the extract is intensely bitter.</p> <p>The lily of the valley (<i>Convallaria majalis, L.</i>) is a native of the mountainous regions of Virginia and southward through Georgia. It is identical with the cultivated form which was brought from Europe.</p> <p>The generic name <i>Convallaria</i> from two Latin words meaning "with" and "valley," having reference to its habit of growing on mountain sides. This sweet-scented plant has an underground stem which sends up a stalk that bears, chiefly on one side, numerous nodding white flowers. The oblong leaves, usually two in number, rise from the base of the flower-stalk, which is sheathed by their stems.</p> <p>The pure white of the flowers as well as their symmetrical form has led writers to speak of them as the symbol of purity, and no flower, perhaps, is in greater demand for the decoration of the church and home.</p> <p><span class="pagenum"><SPAN name="Page_48" id="Page_48">[Pg 48]</SPAN></span></p> <div style="break-after:column;"></div><br />