<h2>CHAPTER XVI.</h2>
<div class="poetry-container">
<div class="poem">
<p>And is the hostile troop arrived,</p>
<p class="i1">And have they won the day?</p>
<p>It must have been a bloody field</p>
<p class="i1">Ere Darwent fled away!</p>
<p class="i7">
<i>The Ettrick Shepherd.</i></p>
</div>
</div>
<p>Sleep did not close the eyes of the Earl of Oxford
or his son; for although the success or defeat of
the Duke of Burgundy could not now be of importance
to their own private or political affairs, yet
the father did not cease to interest himself in the
fate of his former companion-in-arms; and the son,
with the fire of youth, always eager after novelty,<SPAN name="FNanchor_12" id="FNanchor_12" href="#Footnote_12" class="fnanchor">[12]</SPAN>
expected to find something to advance or thwart
his own progress in every remarkable event which
agitated the world.</p>
<p>Arthur had risen from his bed, and was in the
act of attiring himself, when the tread of a horse
arrested his attention. He had no sooner looked
out of the window, than, exclaiming, "News, my
father, news from the army!" he rushed into the
street, where a cavalier, who appeared to have
ridden very hard, was inquiring for the two
Philipsons, father and son. He had no difficulty
in recognising Colvin, the master of the Burgundian
ordnance. His ghastly look bespoke distress
of mind; his disordered array and broken
armour, which seemed rusted with rain or stained
<span class="pagenum"><SPAN name="Page_294" id="Page_294">294</SPAN></span>
with blood, gave the intelligence of some affray
in which he had probably been worsted; and so
exhausted was his gallant steed, that it was with
difficulty the animal could stand upright. The
condition of the rider was not much better. When
he alighted from his horse to greet Arthur, he
reeled so much that he would have fallen without
instant support. His horny eye had lost the
power of speculation; his limbs possessed imperfectly
that of motion, and it was with a half-suffocated
voice that he muttered, "Only fatigue—want
of rest and of food."</p>
<p>Arthur assisted him into the house, and refreshments
were procured; but he refused all except a
bowl of wine, after tasting which he set it down,
and, looking at the Earl of Oxford with an eye of
the deepest affliction, he ejaculated, "The Duke of
Burgundy!"</p>
<p>"Slain?" replied the Earl. "I trust not!"</p>
<p>"It might have been better if he were," said
the Englishman; "but dishonour has come before
death."</p>
<p>"Defeated, then?" said Oxford.</p>
<p>"So completely and fearfully defeated," answered
the soldier, "that all that I have seen of
loss before was slight in comparison."</p>
<p>"But how, or where?" said the Earl of Oxford.
"You were superior in numbers, as we were
informed."</p>
<p>"Two to one at least," answered Colvin; "and
when I speak of our encounter at this moment, I
could rend my flesh with my teeth for being here
to tell such a tale of shame. We had sat down
for about a week before that paltry town of
Murten, or Morat, or whatever it is called. The
<span class="pagenum"><SPAN name="Page_295" id="Page_295">295</SPAN></span>
governor, one of those stubborn mountain bears of
Berne, bade us defiance. He would not even condescend
to shut his gates, but, when we summoned
the town, returned for answer, we might enter if
we pleased,—we should be suitably received. I
would have tried to bring him to reason by a salvo
or two of artillery, but the Duke was too much
irritated to listen to good counsel. Stimulated
by that black traitor, Campo-basso, he deemed it
better to run forward with his whole force upon a
place which, though I could soon have battered it
about their German ears, was yet too strong to be
carried by swords, lances, and hagbuts. We were
beaten off with great loss, and much discouragement
to the soldiers. We then commenced more
regularly, and my batteries would have brought
these mad Switzers to their senses. Walls and
ramparts went down before the lusty cannoneers
of Burgundy; we were well secured also by intrenchments
against those whom we heard of as
approaching to raise the siege. But, on the evening
of the twentieth of this month, we learned
that they were close at hand, and Charles, consulting
only his own bold spirit, advanced to
meet them, relinquishing the advantage of our batteries
and strong position. By his orders, though
against my own judgment, I accompanied him
with twenty good pieces, and the flower of my
people. We broke up on the next morning, and
had not advanced far before we saw the lances and
thick array of halberds and two-handed swords
which crested the mountain. Heaven, too, added
its terrors—a thunderstorm, with all the fury
of those tempestuous climates, descended on both
armies, but did most annoyance to ours, as our
<span class="pagenum"><SPAN name="Page_296" id="Page_296">296</SPAN></span>
troops, especially the Italians, were more sensible
to the torrents of rain which poured down, and the
rivulets which, swelled into torrents, inundated
and disordered our position. The Duke for once
saw it necessary to alter his purpose of instant
battle. He rode up to me, and directed me to
defend with the cannon the retreat which he was
about to commence, adding that he himself would
in person sustain me with the men-at-arms. The
order was given to retreat. But the movement
gave new spirit to an enemy already sufficiently
audacious. The ranks of the Swiss instantly prostrated
themselves in prayer—a practice on the
field of battle which I have ridiculed—but I will
do so no more. When, after five minutes, they
sprang again on their feet, and began to advance
rapidly, sounding their horns and crying their
war-cries with all their usual ferocity—behold,
my lord, the clouds of heaven opened, shedding on
the Confederates the blessed light of the returning
sun, while our ranks were still in the gloom of the
tempest. My men were discouraged. The host
behind them was retreating; the sudden light
thrown on the advancing Switzers showed along
the mountains a profusion of banners, a glancing
of arms, giving to the enemy the appearance of
double the numbers that had hitherto been visible
to us. I exhorted my followers to stand fast, but
in doing so I thought a thought, and spoke a word,
which was a grievous sin. 'Stand fast, my brave
cannoneers!' I said. 'We will presently let them
hear louder thunders, and show them more fatal
lightnings, than their prayers have put down!'
My men shouted. But it was an impious thought,
a blasphemous speech, and evil came after it.
<span class="pagenum"><SPAN name="Page_297" id="Page_297">297</SPAN></span>
We levelled our guns on the advancing masses as
fairly as cannon were ever pointed—I can vouch
it, for I laid the Grand Duchess of Burgundy
myself—Ah, poor Duchess! what rude hands
manage thee now!—The volley was fired, and,
ere the smoke spread from the muzzles, I could see
many a man and many a banner go down. It was
natural to think such a discharge should have
checked the attack, and whilst the smoke hid the
enemy from us I made every effort again to load
our cannon, and anxiously endeavoured to look
through the mist to discover the state of our
opponents. But ere our smoke was cleared away,
or the cannon again loaded, they came headlong
down on us, horse and foot, old men and boys,
men-at-arms and varlets, charging up to the
muzzle of the guns, and over them, with total
disregard to their lives. My brave fellows were
cut down, pierced through, and overrun, while
they were again loading their pieces, nor do I
believe that a single cannon was fired a second
time."</p>
<p>"And the Duke?" said the Earl of Oxford.
"Did he not support you?"</p>
<p>"Most loyally and bravely," answered Colvin,
"with his own bodyguard of Walloons and Burgundians.
But a thousand Italian mercenaries
went off, and never showed face again. The pass,
too, was cumbered with the artillery, and in
itself narrow, bordering on mountains and cliffs,
a deep lake close beside. In short, it was a place
totally unfit for horsemen to act in. In spite of
the Duke's utmost exertions, and those of the gallant
Flemings who fought around him, all were
borne back in complete disorder. I was on foot,
<span class="pagenum"><SPAN name="Page_298" id="Page_298">298</SPAN></span>
fighting as I could, without hopes of my life, or
indeed thoughts of saving it, when I saw the guns
taken and my faithful cannoneers slain. But I saw
Duke Charles hard pressed, and took my horse
from my page that held him—Thou, too, art lost,
my poor orphan boy!—I could only aid Monseigneur
de la Croye and others to extricate the
Duke. Our retreat became a total rout, and when
we reached our rearguard, which we had left strongly
encamped, the banners of the Switzers were waving
on our batteries, for a large division had made
a circuit through mountain passes known only to
themselves, and attacked our camp, vigorously
seconded by that accursed Adrian de Bubenburg,
who sallied from the beleaguered town, so that
our intrenchments were stormed on both sides at
once.—I have more to say, but having ridden day
and night to bring you these evil tidings, my
tongue clings to the roof of my mouth, and I feel
that I can speak no more. The rest is all flight
and massacre, disgraceful to every soldier that
shared in it. For my part, I confess my contumelious
self-confidence and insolence to man, as
well as blasphemy to Heaven. If I live, it is but
to hide my disgraced head in a cowl, and expiate
the numerous sins of a licentious life."</p>
<p>With difficulty the broken-minded soldier was
prevailed upon to take some nourishment and
repose, together with an opiate, which was prescribed
by the physician of King René, who recommended
it as necessary to preserve even the
reason of his patient, exhausted by the events of
the battle, and subsequent fatigue.</p>
<p>The Earl of Oxford, dismissing other assistance,
watched alternately with his son at Colvin's bedside.
<span class="pagenum"><SPAN name="Page_299" id="Page_299">299</SPAN></span>
Notwithstanding the draught that had been
administered, his repose was far from sound.
Sudden starts, the perspiration which started from
his brow, the distortions of his countenance, and
the manner in which he clenched his fists and
flung about his limbs, showed that in his dreams he
was again encountering the terrors of a desperate
and forlorn combat. This lasted for several hours;
but about noon fatigue and medicine prevailed
over nervous excitation, and the defeated commander
fell into a deep and untroubled repose till
evening. About sunset he awakened, and, after
learning with whom and where he was, he partook
of refreshments, and, without any apparent consciousness
of having told them before, detailed
once more all the particulars of the battle of
Murten.</p>
<p>"It were little wide of truth," he said, "to
calculate that one half of the Duke's army fell by
the sword, or were driven into the lake. Those
who escaped are great part of them scattered, never
again to unite. Such a desperate and irretrievable
rout was never witnessed. We fled like deer,
sheep, or any other timid animals, which only
remain in company because they are afraid to
separate, but never think of order or of defence."</p>
<p>"And the Duke?" said the Earl of Oxford.</p>
<p>"We hurried him with us," said the soldier,
"rather from instinct than loyalty, as men flying
from a conflagration snatch up what they have of
value, without knowing what they are doing.
Knight and knave, officer and soldier, fled in the
same panic, and each blast of the horn of Uri in
our rear added new wings to our flight."</p>
<p>"And the Duke?" repeated Oxford.
<span class="pagenum"><SPAN name="Page_300" id="Page_300">300</SPAN></span></p>
<p>"At first he resisted our efforts, and strove to
turn back on the foe; but when the flight became
general he galloped along with us, without a word
spoken or a command issued. At first we thought
his silence and passiveness, so unusual in a temper
so fiery, were fortunate for securing his personal
safety. But when we rode the whole day, without
being able to obtain a word of reply to all our
questions,—when he sternly refused refreshments
of every kind, though he had tasted no food all
that disastrous day,—when every variation of his
moody and uncertain temper was sunk into silent
and sullen despair, we took counsel what was to
be done, and it was by the general voice that I
was despatched to entreat that you, for whose
counsels alone Charles has been known to have
had some occasional deference, would come instantly
to his place of retreat, and exert all your
influence to awaken him from this lethargy, which
may otherwise terminate his existence."</p>
<p>"And what remedy can I interpose?" said
Oxford. "You know how he neglected my advice,
when following it might have served my
interest as well as his own. You are aware that
my life was not safe among the miscreants that
surrounded the Duke, and exercised influence over
him."</p>
<p>"Most true," answered Colvin; "but I also
know he is your ancient companion-in-arms, and
it would ill become me to teach the noble Earl of
Oxford what the laws of chivalry require. For
your lordship's safety, every honest man in the
army will give willing security."</p>
<p>"It is for that I care least," said Oxford, indifferently;
"and if indeed my presence can be of
<span class="pagenum"><SPAN name="Page_301" id="Page_301">301</SPAN></span>
service to the Duke,—if I could believe that he
desired it"——</p>
<p>"He does—he does, my lord!" said the faithful
soldier, with tears in his eyes. "We heard
him name your name, as if the words escaped him
in a painful dream."</p>
<p>"I will go to him, such being the case," said
Oxford.—"I will go instantly. Where did he
purpose to establish his headquarters?"</p>
<p>"He had fixed nothing for himself on that or
other matters; but Monsieur de Contay named La
Rivière, near Salins, in Upper Burgundy, as the
place of his retreat."</p>
<p>"Thither, then, will we, my son, with all haste
of preparation. Thou, Colvin, hadst better remain
here, and see some holy man, to be assoilzied for
thy hasty speech on the battle-field of Morat.
There was offence in it without doubt, but it will
be ill atoned for by quitting a generous master
when he hath most need of your good service; and
it is but an act of cowardice to retreat into the
cloister, till we have no longer active duties to
perform in this world."</p>
<p>"It is true," said Colvin, "that should I leave
the Duke now, perhaps not a man would stay
behind that could stell a cannon properly. The
sight of your lordship cannot but operate favourably
on my noble master, since it has waked the
old soldier in myself. If your lordship can delay
your journey till to-morrow, I will have my
spiritual affairs settled, and my bodily health sufficiently
restored, to be your guide to La Rivière;
and, for the cloister, I will think of it when I
have regained the good name which I have lost
at Murten. But I will have masses said, and
<span class="pagenum"><SPAN name="Page_302" id="Page_302">302</SPAN></span>
these right powerful, for the souls of my poor
cannoneers."</p>
<p>The proposal of Colvin was adopted, and Oxford,
with his son, attended by Thiebault, spent the day
in preparation, excepting the time necessary to
take formal leave of King René, who seemed to
part with them with regret. In company with
the ordnance officer of the discomfited Duke, they
traversed those parts of Provence, Dauphiné, and
Franche Compté which lie between Aix and the
place to which the Duke of Burgundy had retreated;
but the distance and inconvenience of so
long a route consumed more than a fortnight on
the road, and the month of July 1476 was commenced
when the travellers arrived in Upper
Burgundy, and at the Castle of La Rivière, about
twenty miles to the south of the town of Salins.
The castle, which was but of small size, was surrounded
by very many tents, which were pitched
in a crowded, disordered, and unsoldierlike manner,
very unlike the discipline usually observed in
the camp of Charles the Bold. That the Duke
was present there, however, was attested by his
broad banner, which, rich with all its quarterings,
streamed from the battlements of the castle. The
guard turned out to receive the strangers, but in
a manner so disorderly that the Earl looked to
Colvin for explanation. The master of the ordnance
shrugged up his shoulders, and was silent.</p>
<p>Colvin having sent in notice of his arrival, and
that of the English Earl, Monsieur de Contay
caused them presently to be admitted, and expressed
much joy at their arrival.</p>
<p>"A few of us," he said, "true servants of the
Duke, are holding council here, at which your
<span class="pagenum"><SPAN name="Page_303" id="Page_303">303</SPAN></span>
assistance, my noble Lord of Oxford, will be of
the utmost importance. Messieurs De la Croye,
De Craon, Rubempré, and others, nobles of Burgundy,
are now assembled to superintend the
defence of the country at this exigence."</p>
<p>They all expressed delight to see the Earl of
Oxford, and had only abstained from thrusting
their attentions on him the last time he was in
the Duke's camp, as they understood it was his
wish to observe incognito.</p>
<p>"His Grace," said De Craon, "has asked after
you twice, and on both times by your assumed
name of Philipson."</p>
<p>"I wonder not at that, my Lord of Craon,"
replied the English nobleman. "The origin of
the name took its rise in former days, when I was
here during my first exile. It was then said that
we poor Lancastrian nobles must assume other
names than our own, and the good Duke Philip
said, as I was brother-in-arms to his son Charles,
I must be called after himself, by the name of
Philipson. In memory of the good sovereign, I
took that name when the day of need actually
arrived, and I see that the Duke thinks of our
early intimacy by his distinguishing me so.—How
fares his Grace?"</p>
<p>The Burgundians looked at each other, and
there was a pause.</p>
<p>"Even like a man stunned, brave Oxford," at
length De Contay replied. "Sieur d'Argentin,
you can best inform the noble Earl of the condition
of our sovereign."</p>
<p>"He is like a man distracted," said the future
historian of that busy period. "After the battle
of Granson, he was never, to my thinking, of the
<span class="pagenum"><SPAN name="Page_304" id="Page_304">304</SPAN></span>
same sound judgment as before. But then, he
was capricious, unreasonable, peremptory, and inconsistent,
and resented every counsel that was
offered, as if it had been meant in insult; was
jealous of the least trespass in point of ceremonial,
as if his subjects were holding him in contempt.
Now there is a total change, as if this second
blow had stunned him, and suppressed the violent
passions which the first called into action. He
is silent as a Carthusian, solitary as a hermit,
expresses interest in nothing, least of all in
the guidance of his army. He was, you know,
anxious about his dress, so much so that there
was some affectation even in the rudenesses which
he practised in that matter. But, woe's me, you
will see a change now; he will not suffer his hair
or nails to be trimmed or arranged. He is totally
heedless of respect or disrespect towards him,
takes little or no nourishment, uses strong wines,
which, however, do not seem to affect his understanding;
he will hear nothing of war or state
affairs, as little of hunting or of sport. Suppose
an anchorite brought from a cell to govern a kingdom,
you see in him, except in point of devotion,
a picture of the fiery, active Charles of Burgundy."</p>
<p>"You speak of a mind deeply wounded, Sieur
d'Argentin," replied the Englishman. "Think
you it fit I should present myself before the
Duke?"</p>
<p>"I will inquire," said Contay; and, leaving the
apartment, returned presently, and made a sign to
the Earl to follow him.</p>
<p>In a cabinet, or closet, the unfortunate Charles
reclined in a large arm-chair, his legs carelessly
stretched on a footstool, but so changed that the
<span class="pagenum"><SPAN name="Page_305" id="Page_305">305</SPAN></span>
Earl of Oxford could have believed what he saw
to be the ghost of the once fiery Duke. Indeed,
the shaggy length of hair which, streaming from
his head, mingled with his beard; the hollowness
of the caverns, at the bottom of which rolled his
wild eyes; the falling in of the breast, and the
advance of the shoulders, gave the ghastly appearance
of one who has suffered the final agony which
takes from mortality the signs of life and energy.
His very costume (a cloak flung loosely over him)
increased his resemblance to a shrouded phantom.
De Contay named the Earl of Oxford; but the
Duke gazed on him with a lustreless eye, and gave
him no answer.</p>
<p>"Speak to him, brave Oxford," said the Burgundian
in a whisper; "he is even worse than
usual, but perhaps he may know your voice."</p>
<p>Never, when the Duke of Burgundy was in the
most palmy state of his fortunes, did the noble
Englishman kneel to kiss his hand with such
sincere reverence. He respected in him, not only
the afflicted friend, but the humbled sovereign,
upon whose tower of trust the lightning had so
recently broken. It was probably the falling of
a tear upon his hand which seemed to awake the
Duke's attention, for he looked towards the Earl,
and said, "Oxford—Philipson—my old—my
only friend, hast thou found me out in this retreat
of shame and misery?"</p>
<p>"I am not your only friend, my lord," said
Oxford. "Heaven has given you many affectionate
friends among your natural and loyal subjects.
But though a stranger, and saving the allegiance
I owe to my lawful sovereign, I will yield to none
of them in the respect and deference which I have
<span class="pagenum"><SPAN name="Page_306" id="Page_306">306</SPAN></span>
paid to your Grace in prosperity, and now come
to render to you in adversity."</p>
<p>"Adversity indeed!" said the Duke; "irremediable,
intolerable adversity! I was lately Charles
of Burgundy, called the Bold—now am I twice
beaten by a scum of German peasants; my standard
taken, my men-at-arms put to flight, my
camp twice plundered, and each time of value
more than equal to the price of all Switzerland
fairly lost; myself hunted like a caitiff goat or
chamois—The utmost spite of hell could never accumulate
more shame on the head of a sovereign!"</p>
<p>"On the contrary, my lord," said Oxford, "it
is a trial of Heaven, which calls for patience and
strength of mind. The bravest and best knight
may lose the saddle; he is but a laggard who lies
rolling on the sand of the lists after the accident
has chanced."</p>
<p>"Ha, laggard, say'st thou?" said the Duke,
some part of his ancient spirit awakened by the
broad taunt. "Leave my presence, sir, and return
to it no more, till you are summoned thither"——</p>
<p>"Which I trust will be no later than your Grace
quits your dishabille, and disposes yourself to see
your vassals and friends with such ceremony as
befits you and them," said the Earl composedly.</p>
<p>"How mean you by that, Sir Earl? You are
unmannerly."</p>
<p>"If I be, my lord, I am taught my ill-breeding
by circumstances. I can mourn over fallen dignity;
but I cannot honour him who dishonours
himself, by bending, like a regardless boy, beneath
the scourge of evil fortune."</p>
<p>"And who am I that you should term me
such?" said Charles, starting up in all his natural
<span class="pagenum"><SPAN name="Page_307" id="Page_307">307</SPAN></span>
pride and ferocity; "or who are you but a miserable
exile, that you should break in upon my
privacy with such disrespectful upbraiding?"</p>
<p>"For me," replied Oxford, "I am, as you say,
an unrespected exile; nor am I ashamed of my
condition, since unshaken loyalty to my King and
his successors has brought me to it. But in you,
can I recognise the Duke of Burgundy in a sullen
hermit, whose guards are a disorderly soldiery,
dreadful only to their friends; whose councils are
in confusion for want of their sovereign, and who
himself lurks like a lamed wolf in its den, in an
obscure castle, waiting but a blast of the Switzer's
horn to fling open its gates, which there are none
to defend; who wears not a knightly sword to
protect his person, and cannot even die like a stag
at bay, but must be worried like a hunted fox?"</p>
<p>"Death and hell, slanderous traitor!" thundered
the Duke, glancing a look at his side, and
perceiving himself without a weapon.—"It is
well for thee I have no sword, or thou shouldst
never boast of thine insolence going unpunished.—Contay,
step forth like a good knight, and confute
the calumniator. Say, are not my soldiers
arrayed, disciplined, and in order?"</p>
<p>"My lord," said Contay, trembling (brave as he
was in battle) at the frantic rage which Charles
exhibited, "there are a numerous soldiery yet
under your command, but they are in evil order,
and in worse discipline, I think, than they were
wont."</p>
<p>"I see it—I see it," said the Duke; "idle and
evil counsellors are ye all.—Hearken, Sir of Contay,
what have you and the rest of you been doing,
holding as you do large lands and high fiefs of us,
<span class="pagenum"><SPAN name="Page_308" id="Page_308">308</SPAN></span>
that I cannot stretch my limbs on a sick-bed,
when my heart is half broken, but my troops
must fall into such scandalous disorder as exposes
me to the scorn and reproach of each beggarly
foreigner?"</p>
<p>"My lord," replied Contay, more firmly, "we
have done what we could. But your Grace has
accustomed your mercenary generals, and leaders
of Free Companies, to take their orders only from
your own mouth, or hand. They clamour also for
pay, and the treasurer refuses to issue it without
your Grace's order, as he alleges it might cost
him his head; and they will not be guided and
restrained, either by us or those who compose your
council."</p>
<p>The Duke laughed sternly, but was evidently
somewhat pleased with the reply.</p>
<p>"Ha, ha!" he said, "it is only Burgundy who
can ride his own wild horses, and rule his own
wild soldiery. Hark thee, Contay—To-morrow I
ride forth to review the troops—for what disorder
has passed, allowance shall be made. Pay also
shall be issued—but woe to those who shall have
offended too deeply! Let my grooms of the chamber
know to provide me fitting dress and arms. I
have got a lesson" (glancing a dark look at Oxford),
"and I will not again be insulted without the
means of wreaking my vengeance. Begone, both
of you! And, Contay, send the treasurer hither
with his accounts, and woe to his soul if I find
aught to complain of! Begone, I say, and send
him hither."</p>
<p>They left the apartment with suitable obeisance.
As they retired, the Duke said abruptly, "Lord of
Oxford, a word with you. Where did you study
<span class="pagenum"><SPAN name="Page_309" id="Page_309">309</SPAN></span>
medicine? In your own famed university, I suppose.
Thy physic hath wrought a wonder. Yet,
Doctor Philipson, it might have cost thee thy
life."</p>
<p>"I have ever thought my life cheap," said
Oxford, "when the object was to help my friend."</p>
<p>"Thou art indeed a friend," said Charles, "and
a fearless one. But go—I have been sore troubled,
and thou hast tasked my temper closely. To-morrow
we will speak further; meantime, I forgive
thee, and I honour thee."</p>
<p>The Earl of Oxford retired to the council-hall,
where the Burgundian nobility, aware of what
had passed, crowded around him with thanks, compliments,
and congratulations. A general bustle
now ensued; orders were hurried off in every
direction. Those officers who had duties to perform
which had been neglected, hastened to conceal
or to atone for their negligence. There was a
general tumult in the camp, but it was a tumult
of joy; for soldiers are always most pleased when
they are best in order for performing their military
service; and licence or inactivity, however
acceptable at times, are not, when continued, so
agreeable to their nature, as strict discipline and
a prospect of employment.</p>
<p>The treasurer, who was, luckily for him, a
man of sense and method, having been two hours
in private with the Duke, returned with looks of
wonder, and professed that never, in Charles's
most prosperous days, had he showed himself more
acute in the department of finance, of which he
had but that morning seemed totally incapable;
and the merit was universally attributed to the
visit of Lord Oxford, whose timely reprimand had,
<span class="pagenum"><SPAN name="Page_310" id="Page_310">310</SPAN></span>
like the shot of a cannon dispersing foul mists,
awakened the Duke from his black and bilious
melancholy.</p>
<p>On the following day Charles reviewed his
troops with his usual attention, directed new
levies, made various dispositions of his forces, and
corrected the faults of their discipline by severe
orders, which were enforced by some deserved
punishments (of which the Italian mercenaries
of Campo-basso had a large share), and rendered
palatable by the payment of arrears, which was
calculated to attach them to the standard under
which they served.</p>
<p>The Duke also, after consulting with his council,
agreed to convoke meetings of the States in
his different territories, redress certain popular
grievances, and grant some boons which he had
hitherto denied; and thus began to open a new
account of popularity with his subjects, in place
of that which his rashness had exhausted.
<span class="pagenum"><SPAN name="Page_311" id="Page_311">311</SPAN></span></p>
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