<h2>PART I.</h2>
<hr class="chr" />
<div class="hd2"><small>BOOKS OF REFERENCE.</small></div>
<div class="bq4"><p>Crabb's "English Synonymes Explained." [H.]</p>
<p>Soule's "Dictionary of English Synonyms." [L.]</p>
<p>Smith's "Synonyms Discriminated." [<span class="smc">Bell</span>.]</p>
<p>Graham's "English Synonyms." [A.]</p>
<p>Whateley's "English Synonyms Discriminated." [L. & S.]</p>
<p>Campbell's "Handbook of Synonyms." [L. & S.]</p>
<p>Fallows' "Complete Dictionary of Synonyms and Antonyms." [F. H. R.]</p>
<p>Roget's "Thesaurus of English Words." [F. & W. <span class="smc">Co.</span>]</p>
<p>Trench's "Study of English Words." [W. J. W.]</p>
<p>Richard Grant White, "Words and their Uses," and "Every Day English." [H. M.
& <span class="smc">Co.</span>]</p>
<p>Geo. P. Marsh, "Lectures on the English Language," and "Origin and History of
the English Language." [S.]</p>
<p>Fitzedward Hall, "False Philology." [S.]</p>
<p>Maetzner's "English Grammar," tr. by Grece. [J. M.]</p>
</div>
<p>The Synonyms of the Century and International Dictionaries
have also been consulted and compared.</p>
<p>The Funk & Wagnalls Standard Dictionary has been used as
the authority throughout.</p>
<div class="hd6"><p class="hd1">ABBREVIATIONS USED.</p>
</div>
<div class="hd1">
<table class="tbab" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary="">
<tr><td class="tdsz" colspan="2"></td><td class="tdsz" colspan="2"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tdab1">A.</td><td class="tdr">D. Appleton & Co.</td><td class="tdab2" rowspan="2">K.-F.</td><td class="tdr">Krauth-Fleming</td></tr>
<tr><td class="tdab1">AS.</td><td class="tdr">Anglo-Saxon</td><td class="tdr">"Vocabulary of Philosophy."</td></tr>
<tr><td class="tdab1"><span class="smc">Bell</span>; B. & S.</td><td class="tdr">Bell & Sons</td><td class="tdab2">L.</td><td class="tdr">Latin; Lippincott & Co.</td></tr>
<tr><td class="tdab1">F.</td><td class="tdr">French</td><td class="tdab2">L. & S.</td><td class="tdr">Lee & Shepard</td></tr>
<tr><td class="tdab1">F. H. R.</td><td class="tdr">Fleming H. Revell</td><td class="tdab2">M.</td><td class="tdr">Murray's New English Dictionary</td></tr>
<tr><td class="tdab1">F. & W. <span class="smc">Co.</span></td><td class="tdr">Funk & Wagnalls Co.</td><td class="tdab2"><span class="smc">Macm.</span></td><td class="tdr">Macmillan & Co.</td></tr>
<tr><td class="tdab1">G.</td><td class="tdr">German</td><td class="tdab2">S.</td><td class="tdr">Chas. Scribner's Sons</td></tr>
<tr><td class="tdab1">Gr.</td><td class="tdr">Greek</td><td class="tdab2">Sp.</td><td class="tdr">Spanish</td></tr>
<tr><td class="tdab1">H.</td><td class="tdr">Harper & Bros.</td><td class="tdab2">T. & F.</td><td class="tdr">Ticknor & Fields</td></tr>
<tr><td class="tdab1">H. M. & <span class="smc">Co.</span></td><td class="tdr">Houghton, Mifflin & Co.</td><td class="tdab2">T. & H.</td><td class="tdr">Troutman & Hayes</td></tr>
<tr><td class="tdab1">It.</td><td class="tdr">Italian</td><td class="tdab2">T. & M.</td><td class="tdr">Taylor, Walton & Maberley</td></tr>
<tr><td class="tdab1">J. M.</td><td class="tdr">John Murray</td><td class="tdab2">W. J. W.</td><td class="tdr">W. J. Widdleton</td></tr>
</table></div>
<hr class="chr" /><p><span class="pgn"><SPAN name="Page_1" id="Page_1"></SPAN></span></p>
<h2>PART I.</h2>
<h2><big>SYNONYMS, ANTONYMS AND PREPOSITIONS.</big></h2>
<hr />
<h3><SPAN name="ABANDON" id="ABANDON"></SPAN>ABANDON.</h3>
<h4>Synonyms:</h4>
<table class="tbs" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary="">
<tr><td>abdicate,</td><td>desert,</td><td>leave,</td><td>resign,</td></tr>
<tr><td>abjure,</td><td>discontinue,</td><td>quit,</td><td>retire from,</td></tr>
<tr><td>cast off,</td><td>forego,</td><td>recant,</td><td>retract,</td></tr>
<tr><td>cease,</td><td>forsake,</td><td>relinquish,</td><td>surrender,</td></tr>
<tr><td>cede,</td><td>forswear,</td><td>renounce,</td><td>vacate,</td></tr>
<tr><td>depart from,</td><td>give up,</td><td>repudiate,</td><td>withdraw from.</td></tr>
</table>
<p><i>Abandon</i> is a word of wide signification, applying to persons
or things of any kind; <i>abdicate</i> and <i>resign</i> apply to office, authority,
or power; <i>cede</i> to territorial possessions; <i>surrender</i> especially
to military force, and more generally to any demand, claim, passion,
etc. <i>Quit</i> carries an idea of suddenness or abruptness not necessarily
implied in <i>abandon</i>, and may not have the same suggestion
of finality. The king <i>abdicates</i> his throne, <i>cedes</i> his territory,
<i>deserts</i> his followers, <i>renounces</i> his religion, <i>relinquishes</i> his titles,
<i>abandons</i> his designs. A cowardly officer <i>deserts</i> his ship; the
helpless passengers <i>abandon</i> it. We <i>quit</i> business, <i>give up</i> property,
<i>resign</i> office, <i>abandon</i> a habit or a trust. <i>Relinquish</i> commonly
implies reluctance; the fainting hand <i>relinquishes</i> its
grasp; the creditor <i>relinquishes</i> his claim. <i>Abandon</i> implies
previous association with responsibility for or control of; <i>forsake</i>
implies previous association with inclination or attachment, real
or assumed; a man may <i>abandon</i> or <i>forsake</i> house or friends;
he <i>abandons</i> an enterprise; <i>forsakes</i> God. <i>Abandon</i> is applied
to both good and evil action; a thief <i>abandons</i> his designs, a
man his principles. <i>Forsake</i>, like <i>abandon</i>, may be used either
in the favorable or unfavorable sense; <i>desert</i> is always unfavorable,<span class="pgn"><SPAN name="Page_2" id="Page_2"></SPAN></span>
involving a breach of duty, except when used of
mere localities; as, "the Deserted Village." While a monarch
<i>abdicates</i>, a president or other elected or appointed officer
<i>resigns</i>. It was held that James II. <i>abdicated</i> his throne by
<i>deserting</i> it.</p>
<h4>Antonyms:</h4>
<table class="tba" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary="">
<tr><td>adopt,</td><td>defend,</td><td>occupy,</td><td>seek,</td></tr>
<tr><td>advocate,</td><td>favor,</td><td>prosecute,</td><td>support,</td></tr>
<tr><td>assert,</td><td>haunt,</td><td>protect,</td><td>undertake,</td></tr>
<tr><td>cherish,</td><td>hold,</td><td>pursue,</td><td>uphold,</td></tr>
<tr><td>claim,</td><td>keep,</td><td>retain,</td><td>vindicate.</td></tr>
<tr><td>court,</td><td colspan="3">maintain,</td></tr>
</table>
<hr />
<h3><SPAN name="ABASE" id="ABASE"></SPAN>ABASE.</h3>
<h4>Synonyms:</h4>
<table class="tbs" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary="">
<tr><td>bring low,</td><td>depress,</td><td>dishonor,</td><td>lower,</td></tr>
<tr><td>cast down,</td><td>discredit,</td><td>humble,</td><td>reduce,</td></tr>
<tr><td>debase,</td><td>disgrace,</td><td>humiliate,</td><td>sink.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="4">degrade,</td></tr>
</table>
<p><i>Abase</i> refers only to outward conditions. "Exalt him that is
low, and <i>abase</i> him that is high." <i>Ezek.</i> xxi, 26. <i>Debase</i> applies
to quality or character. The coinage is <i>debased</i> by excess of
alloy, the man by vice. <i>Humble</i> in present use refers chiefly to
feeling of heart; <i>humiliate</i> to outward conditions; even when
one is said to <i>humble</i> himself, he either has or affects to have
humility of heart. To <i>disgrace</i> may be to bring or inflict odium
upon others, but the word is chiefly and increasingly applied to
such moral odium as one by his own acts brings upon himself; the
noun <i>disgrace</i> retains more of the passive sense than the verb; he
<i>disgraced</i> himself by his conduct; he brought <i>disgrace</i> upon his
family. To <i>dishonor</i> a person is to deprive him of honor that
should or might be given. To <i>discredit</i> one is to injure his reputation,
as for veracity or solvency. A sense of unworthiness
<i>humbles</i>; a shameful insult <i>humiliates</i>; imprisonment for crime
<i>disgraces</i>. <i>Degrade</i> may refer to either station or character.
An officer is <i>degraded</i> by being <i>reduced</i> to the ranks, <i>disgraced</i>
by cowardice; vile practises <i>degrade</i>; drunkenness is a <i>degrading</i>
vice. Misfortune or injustice may <i>abase</i> the good; nothing but
their own ill-doing can <i>debase</i> or <i>disgrace</i> them.</p>
<h4>Antonyms:</h4>
<table class="tba" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary="">
<tr><td>advance,</td><td>elevate,</td><td>honor,</td><td>raise,</td></tr>
<tr><td>aggrandize,</td><td>exalt,</td><td>promote,</td><td>uplift.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="4">dignify,</td></tr>
</table>
<hr /><p><span class="pgn"><SPAN name="Page_3" id="Page_3"></SPAN></span></p>
<h3><SPAN name="ABASH" id="ABASH"></SPAN>ABASH.</h3>
<h4>Synonyms:</h4>
<table class="tbs" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary="">
<tr><td>bewilder,</td><td>daunt,</td><td>embarrass,</td><td>mortify,</td></tr>
<tr><td>chagrin,</td><td>discompose,</td><td>humble,</td><td>overawe,</td></tr>
<tr><td>confound,</td><td>disconcert,</td><td>humiliate,</td><td>shame.</td></tr>
<tr><td>confuse,</td><td colspan="3">dishearten,</td></tr>
</table>
<p>Any sense of inferiority <i>abashes</i>, with or without the sense
of wrong. The poor are <i>abashed</i> at the splendor of wealth, the
ignorant at the learning of the wise. "I might have been <i>abashed</i>
by their authority." <span class="smc">Gladstone</span> <i>Homeric Synchron.</i>, p. 72. [<span class="smcl">H.</span>
'76.] To <i>confuse</i> is to bring into a state of mental bewilderment;
to <i>confound</i> is to overwhelm the mental faculties; to <i>daunt</i> is to
subject to a certain degree of fear. <i>Embarrass</i> is a strong word,
signifying primarily hamper, hinder, impede. A solitary thinker
may be <i>confused</i> by some difficulty in a subject, or some mental
defect; one is <i>embarrassed</i> in the presence of others, and because
of their presence. Confusion is of the intellect, embarrassment
of the feelings. A witness may be <i>embarrassed</i> by annoying
personalities, so as to become <i>confused</i> in statements. To <i>mortify</i>
a person is to bring upon him a painful sense of humiliation,
whether because of his own or another's fault or failure. A pupil
is <i>confused</i> by a perplexing question, a general <i>confounded</i> by
overwhelming defeat. A hostess is <i>discomposed</i> by the tardiness
of guests, a speaker <i>disconcerted</i> by a failure of memory. The
criminal who is not <i>abashed</i> at detection may be <i>daunted</i> by the
officer's weapon. Sudden joy may <i>bewilder</i>, but will not <i>abash</i>.
The true worshiper is <i>humbled</i> rather than <i>abashed</i> before God.
The parent is <i>mortified</i> by the child's rudeness, the child <i>abashed</i>
at the parent's reproof. The <i>embarrassed</i> speaker finds it difficult
to proceed. The mob is <i>overawed</i> by the military, the hypocrite
<i>shamed</i> by exposure. "A man whom no denial, no scorn could
<i>abash</i>." <span class="smc">Fielding</span> <i>Amelia</i> bk. iii, ch. 9, p. 300. [<span class="smcl">B. & S.</span> '71.]
Compare <span class="smcl"><SPAN href="#CHAGRIN">CHAGRIN</SPAN></span>; <span class="smcl"><SPAN href="#HINDER">HINDER</SPAN></span>.</p>
<h4>Antonyms:</h4>
<table class="tba" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary="">
<tr><td>animate,</td><td>cheer,</td><td>encourage,</td><td>rally,</td></tr>
<tr><td>buoy,</td><td>embolden,</td><td>inspirit,</td><td>uphold.</td></tr>
</table>
<hr />
<h3>ABATE.</h3>
<h4>Synonyms:</h4>
<table class="tbs" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary="">
<tr><td>decline,</td><td>ebb,</td><td>mitigate,</td><td>reduce,</td></tr>
<tr><td>decrease,</td><td>lessen,</td><td>moderate,</td><td>subside.</td></tr>
<tr><td>diminish,</td><td colspan="3">lower,</td></tr>
</table>
<p>The storm, the fever, the pain <i>abates</i>. Interest <i>declines</i>. Misfortunes
may be <i>mitigated</i>, desires <i>moderated</i>, intense anger<span class="pgn"><SPAN name="Page_4" id="Page_4"></SPAN></span>
<i>abated</i>, population <i>decreased</i>, taxes <i>reduced</i>. We <i>abate</i> a nuisance,
<i>terminate</i> a controversy, <i>suppress</i> a rebellion. See <span class="smcl"><SPAN href="#ALLEVIATE">ALLEVIATE</SPAN></span>.</p>
<h4>Antonyms:</h4>
<table class="tba" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary="">
<tr><td>aggravate,</td><td>enhance,</td><td>foment,</td><td>rage,</td></tr>
<tr><td>amplify,</td><td>enlarge,</td><td>increase,</td><td>raise,</td></tr>
<tr><td>continue,</td><td>extend,</td><td>magnify,</td><td>revive.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="4">develop,</td></tr>
</table>
<h4>Prepositions:</h4>
<p>Abate <i>in</i> fury; abated <i>by</i> law.</p>
<hr />
<h3><SPAN name="ABBREVIATION" id="ABBREVIATION"></SPAN>ABBREVIATION.</h3>
<h4>Synonyms:</h4>
<table class="tbs" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary="">
<tr><td>abridgment,</td><td>contraction.</td></tr>
</table>
<p>An <i>abbreviation</i> is a shortening by any method; a <i>contraction</i>
is a reduction of size by the drawing together of the parts. A
<i>contraction</i> of a word is made by omitting certain letters or
syllables and bringing together the first and last letters or elements;
an <i>abbreviation</i> may be made either by omitting certain
portions from the interior or by cutting off a part; a <i>contraction</i>
is an <i>abbreviation</i>, but an <i>abbreviation</i> is not necessarily a <i>contraction</i>;
<i>rec't</i> for receipt, <i>mdse.</i> for merchandise, and <i>Dr.</i> for
debtor are <i>contractions</i>; they are also <i>abbreviations</i>; <i>Am.</i> for
American is an <i>abbreviation</i>, but not a <i>contraction</i>. <i>Abbreviation</i>
and <i>contraction</i> are used of words and phrases, <i>abridgment</i>
of books, paragraphs, sentences, etc. Compare <span class="smcl"><SPAN href="#ABRIDGMENT">ABRIDGMENT</SPAN></span>.</p>
<hr />
<h3><SPAN name="ABET" id="ABET"></SPAN>ABET.</h3>
<h4>Synonyms:</h4>
<table class="tbs" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary="">
<tr><td>advocate,</td><td>countenance,</td><td>incite,</td><td>sanction,</td></tr>
<tr><td>aid,</td><td>embolden,</td><td>instigate,</td><td>support,</td></tr>
<tr><td>assist,</td><td>encourage,</td><td>promote,</td><td>uphold.</td></tr>
</table>
<p><i>Abet</i> and <i>instigate</i> are now used almost without exception in
a bad sense; one may <i>incite</i> either to good or evil. One <i>incites</i>
or <i>instigates</i> to the doing of something not yet done, or to increased
activity or further advance in the doing of it; one <i>abets</i>
by giving sympathy, countenance, or substantial aid to the doing
of that which is already projected or in process of commission.
<i>Abet</i> and <i>instigate</i> apply either to persons or actions, <i>incite</i> to
persons only; one <i>incites</i> a person <i>to</i> an action. A clergyman
will <i>advocate</i> the claims of justice, <i>aid</i> the poor, <i>encourage</i> the<span class="pgn"><SPAN name="Page_5" id="Page_5"></SPAN></span>
despondent, <i>support</i> the weak, <i>uphold</i> the constituted authorities;
but he will not <i>incite</i> to a quarrel, <i>instigate</i> a riot, or <i>abet</i> a
crime. The originator of a crime often <i>instigates</i> or <i>incites</i> others
to <i>abet</i> him in it, or one may <i>instigate</i> or <i>incite</i> others to a crime
in the commission of which he himself takes no active part.
Compare <span class="smcl"><SPAN href="#HELP">HELP</SPAN></span>.</p>
<h4>Antonyms:</h4>
<table class="tba" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary="">
<tr><td>baffle,</td><td>deter,</td><td>dissuade,</td><td>hinder,</td></tr>
<tr><td>confound,</td><td>disapprove,</td><td>expose,</td><td>impede,</td></tr>
<tr><td>counteract,</td><td>disconcert,</td><td>frustrate,</td><td>obstruct.</td></tr>
<tr><td>denounce,</td><td colspan="3">discourage,</td></tr>
</table>
<hr />
<h3><SPAN name="ABHOR" id="ABHOR"></SPAN>ABHOR.</h3>
<h4>Synonyms:</h4>
<table class="tbs" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary="">
<tr><td>abominate,</td><td>dislike,</td><td>loathe,</td><td>scorn,</td></tr>
<tr><td>despise,</td><td>hate,</td><td>nauseate,</td><td>shun.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="4">detest,</td></tr>
</table>
<p><i>Abhor</i> is stronger than <i>despise</i>, implying a shuddering recoil,
especially a moral recoil. "How many <i>shun</i> evil as inconvenient
who do not <i>abhor</i> it as hateful." <span class="smc">Trench</span> <i>Serm. in Westm. Abbey</i>
xxvi, 297. [<span class="smcl">M.</span>] <i>Detest</i> expresses indignation, with something of
contempt. <i>Loathe</i> implies disgust, physical or moral. We <i>abhor</i>
a traitor, <i>despise</i> a coward, <i>detest</i> a liar. We <i>dislike</i> an uncivil
person. We <i>abhor</i> cruelty, <i>hate</i> tyranny. We <i>loathe</i> a reptile
or a flatterer. We <i>abhor</i> Milton's heroic Satan, but we can not
<i>despise</i> him.</p>
<h4>Antonyms:</h4>
<table class="tba" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary="">
<tr><td>admire,</td><td>crave,</td><td>esteem,</td><td>love,</td></tr>
<tr><td>approve,</td><td>desire,</td><td>like,</td><td>relish.</td></tr>
<tr><td>covet,</td><td colspan="3">enjoy,</td></tr>
</table>
<hr />
<h3><SPAN name="ABIDE" id="ABIDE"></SPAN>ABIDE.</h3>
<h4>Synonyms:</h4>
<table class="tbs" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary="">
<tr><td>anticipate,</td><td>dwell,</td><td>remain,</td><td>stop,</td></tr>
<tr><td>await,</td><td>endure,</td><td>reside,</td><td>tarry,</td></tr>
<tr><td>bear,</td><td>expect,</td><td>rest,</td><td>tolerate,</td></tr>
<tr><td>bide,</td><td>inhabit,</td><td>sojourn,</td><td>wait,</td></tr>
<tr><td>confront,</td><td>live,</td><td>stay,</td><td>watch.</td></tr>
<tr><td>continue,</td><td colspan="3">lodge,</td></tr>
</table>
<p>To <i>abide</i> is to remain continuously without limit of time
unless expressed by the context: "to-day I must <i>abide</i> at thy
house," <i>Luke</i> xix, 5; "a settled place for thee to <i>abide</i> in forever,"
<i>1 Kings</i> viii, 13; "<i>Abide</i> with me! fast falls the eventide,"
<span class="smc">Lyte</span> <i>Hymn</i>. <i>Lodge</i>, <i>sojourn</i>, <i>stay</i>, <i>tarry</i>, and <i>wait</i> always imply
a limited time; <i>lodge</i>, to pass the night; <i>sojourn</i>, to <i>remain</i><span class="pgn"><SPAN name="Page_6" id="Page_6"></SPAN></span>
temporarily; <i>live</i>, <i>dwell</i>, <i>reside</i>, to have a permanent home.
<i>Stop</i>, in the sense of <i>stay</i> or <i>sojourn</i>, is colloquial, and not in
approved use. Compare <span class="smcl"><SPAN href="#ENDURE">ENDURE</SPAN></span>; <span class="smcl"><SPAN href="#REST">REST</SPAN></span>.</p>
<h4>Antonyms:</h4>
<table class="tba" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary="">
<tr><td>abandon,</td><td>forfeit,</td><td>migrate,</td><td>reject,</td></tr>
<tr><td>avoid,</td><td>forfend,</td><td>move,</td><td>resist,</td></tr>
<tr><td>depart,</td><td>journey,</td><td>proceed,</td><td>shun.</td></tr>
</table>
<h4>Prepositions:</h4>
<p>Abide <i>in</i> a place, <i>for</i> a time, <i>with</i> a person, <i>by</i> a statement.</p>
<hr />
<h3><SPAN name="ABOLISH" id="ABOLISH"></SPAN>ABOLISH.</h3>
<h4>Synonyms:</h4>
<table class="tbs" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary="">
<tr><td>abate,</td><td>eradicate,</td><td>prohibit,</td><td>stamp out,</td></tr>
<tr><td>abrogate,</td><td>exterminate,</td><td>remove,</td><td>subvert,</td></tr>
<tr><td>annihilate,</td><td>extirpate,</td><td>repeal,</td><td>supplant,</td></tr>
<tr><td>annul,</td><td>nullify,</td><td>reverse,</td><td>suppress,</td></tr>
<tr><td>destroy,</td><td>obliterate,</td><td>revoke,</td><td>terminate.</td></tr>
<tr><td>end,</td><td>overthrow,</td><td colspan="2">set aside,</td></tr>
</table>
<p><i>Abolish</i>, to do away with, bring absolutely to an end, especially
as something hostile, hindering, or harmful, was formerly used of
persons and material objects, a usage now obsolete except in
poetry or highly figurative speech. <i>Abolish</i> is now used of
institutions, customs, and conditions, especially those wide-spread
and long existing; as, to <i>abolish</i> slavery, ignorance, intemperance,
poverty. A building that is burned to the ground is said to be
<i>destroyed</i> by fire. <i>Annihilate</i>, as a philosophical term, signifies
to put absolutely out of existence. As far as our knowledge goes,
matter is never <i>annihilated</i>, but only changes its form. Some
believe that the wicked will be <i>annihilated</i>. <i>Abolish</i> is not said
of laws. There we use <i>repeal</i>, <i>abrogate</i>, <i>nullify</i>, etc.: <i>repeal</i> by
the enacting body, <i>nullify</i> by revolutionary proceedings; a later
statute <i>abrogates</i>, without formally <i>repealing</i>, any earlier law
with which it conflicts. An appellate court may <i>reverse</i> or <i>set
aside</i> the decision of an inferior court. <i>Overthrow</i> may be used
in either a good or a bad sense; <i>suppress</i> is commonly in a good,
<i>subvert</i> always in a bad sense; as, to <i>subvert</i> our liberties;
to <i>suppress</i> a rebellion. The law <i>prohibits</i> what may never
have existed; it <i>abolishes</i> an existing evil. We <i>abate</i> a nuisance,
<i>terminate</i> a controversy. Compare <span class="smcl"><SPAN href="#CANCEL">CANCEL</SPAN></span>; <span class="smcl"><SPAN href="#DEMOLISH">DEMOLISH</SPAN></span>;
<span class="smcl"><SPAN href="#EXTERMINATE">EXTERMINATE</SPAN></span>.</p>
<h4>Antonyms:</h4>
<table class="tba" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary="">
<tr><td>authorize,</td><td>establish,</td><td>reinstate,</td><td>revive,</td></tr>
<tr><td>cherish,</td><td>institute,</td><td>renew,</td><td>set up,</td></tr>
<tr><td>confirm,</td><td>introduce,</td><td>repair,</td><td>support,</td></tr>
<tr><td>continue,</td><td>legalize,</td><td>restore,</td><td>sustain.</td></tr>
<tr><td>enact,</td><td colspan="3">promote,</td></tr>
</table>
<hr /><p><span class="pgn"><SPAN name="Page_7" id="Page_7"></SPAN></span></p>
<h3><SPAN name="ABOMINATION" id="ABOMINATION"></SPAN>ABOMINATION.</h3>
<h4>Synonyms:</h4>
<table class="tbs" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary="">
<tr><td>abhorrence,</td><td>curse,</td><td>hatred,</td><td>plague,</td></tr>
<tr><td>abuse,</td><td>detestation,</td><td>horror,</td><td>shame,</td></tr>
<tr><td>annoyance,</td><td>disgust,</td><td>iniquity,</td><td>villainy,</td></tr>
<tr><td>aversion,</td><td>evil,</td><td>nuisance,</td><td>wickedness.</td></tr>
<tr><td>crime,</td><td>execration,</td><td colspan="2">offense,</td></tr>
</table>
<p><i>Abomination</i> (from the L. <i>ab omen</i>, a thing of ill omen) was
originally applied to anything held in religious or ceremonial
<i>aversion</i> or <i>abhorrence</i>; as, "The things which are highly
esteemed among men are <i>abomination</i> in the sight of God."
<i>Luke</i> xvi, 15. The word is oftener applied to the object of such
<i>aversion</i> or <i>abhorrence</i> than to the state of mind that so regards
it; in common use <i>abomination</i> signifies something very much
disliked or loathed, or that deserves to be. Choice food may be
an object of <i>aversion</i> and <i>disgust</i> to a sick person; vile food
would be an <i>abomination</i>. A toad is to many an object of
<i>disgust</i>; a foul sewer is an <i>abomination</i>. As applied to crimes,
<i>abomination</i> is used of such as are especially brutal, shameful, or
revolting; theft is an <i>offense</i>; infanticide is an <i>abomination</i>.</p>
<h4>Antonyms:</h4>
<table class="tba" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary="">
<tr><td>affection,</td><td>blessing,</td><td>enjoyment,</td><td>joy,</td></tr>
<tr><td>appreciation,</td><td>delight,</td><td>esteem,</td><td>satisfaction,</td></tr>
<tr><td>approval,</td><td>desire,</td><td>gratification,</td><td>treat.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="4">benefit,</td></tr>
</table>
<hr />
<h3><SPAN name="ABRIDGMENT" id="ABRIDGMENT"></SPAN>ABRIDGMENT.</h3>
<h4>Synonyms:</h4>
<table class="tbs" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary="">
<tr><td>abbreviation,</td><td>compend,</td><td>epitome,</td><td>summary,</td></tr>
<tr><td>abstract,</td><td>compendium,</td><td>outline,</td><td>synopsis.</td></tr>
<tr><td>analysis,</td><td colspan="3">digest,</td></tr>
</table>
<p>An <i>abridgment</i> gives the most important portions of a work
substantially as they stand. An <i>outline</i> or <i>synopsis</i> is a kind of
sketch closely following the plan. An <i>abstract</i> or <i>digest</i> is an
independent statement of what the book contains. An <i>analysis</i>
draws out the chief thoughts or arguments, whether expressed or
implied. A <i>summary</i> is the most condensed statement of results
or conclusions. An <i>epitome</i>, <i>compend</i>, or <i>compendium</i> is a condensed
view of a subject, whether derived from a previous publication
or not. We may have an <i>abridgment</i> of a dictionary, but
not an <i>analysis</i>, <i>abstract</i>, <i>digest</i>, or <i>summary</i>. We may have an
<i>epitome</i> of religion, a <i>compendium</i> of English literature, but not
an <i>abridgment</i>. Compare <span class="smcl"><SPAN href="#ABBREVIATION">ABBREVIATION</SPAN></span>.</p>
<hr /><p><span class="pgn"><SPAN name="Page_8" id="Page_8"></SPAN></span></p>
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