<h3>THE AUTHOR'S PREFACE.</h3>
<p>During the past few years the most serious part of the author's study and
reflection has been devoted to the subjects discussed in this book. These,
briefly stated, are as follows: Firstly, that all mental or cerebral faculties
can by direct scientific treatment be influenced to what would have once been
regarded as miraculous action, and which is even yet very little known or
considered. Secondly, in development of this theory, and as confirmed by much
practical and personal experience, that the Will can by very easy processes of
training, or by aid of Auto-Suggestion, be strengthened to any extent, and
states of mind soon induced, which can be made by practice habitual. Thus, as a
man can by means of opium produce sleep, so can he by a very simple experiment a
few times repeated—an experiment which I clearly describe and which has been
tested and verified beyond all denial—cause himself to remain during the
following day in a perfectly calm or cheerful state of mind; and this condition
may, by means of repetition and practice, be raised or varied to other states or
conditions of a far more active or intelligent description.</p>
<p>Thus, for illustration, I may say that within my own experience, I have by
this process succeeded since my seventieth year in working all day far more
assiduously, and without any sense of weariness or distaste for labour, than I
ever did at any previous period of my life. And the reader need only try the
extremely easy experiment, as I have described it, to satisfy himself that he
can do the same, that he can continue it with growing strength <em>ad
infinitum, </em>and that this power will unquestionably at some future time be employed
with marvellous results in Education. For, beyond all question—since any human
being can easily prove or disprove it by a few experiments—there is no method
known by which inattention, heedlessness, or negligence in the young can be so
promptly and thoroughly cured as by this; while on the other hand, Attention and
Interest by assiduity, are even more easily awakened. It has indeed seemed to
me, since I have devoted myself to the study of Education from this point of
view, as if it had been like the Iron Castle in the Slavonian legend, unto which
men had for centuries wended their way by a long and wearisome road of many
miles, while there was all the time, unseen and unknown, a very short and easy
subterranean passage, by means of which the dwellers in the Schloss might have
found their way to the town below, and to the world, in a few minutes.</p>
<p>To this I have added a succinct account of what is, I believe, the easiest
and most comprehensive Art of Memory ever conceived. There are on this subject
more than five hundred works, all based, without exception, on the <em>
Associative </em>system, which may be described as a stream which runs with
great rapidity for a very short time but is soon choked up. This, I believe, as
a means applied to learning, was first published in my work, entitled <em>
Practical Education. </em>In it the pupil is taught the <em>direct method; </em>
that is, instead of remembering one thing by means of another, to impress <em>
the image itself</em> on the memory, and frequently revive it. This process
soon becomes habitual and very easy. In from one year to eighteen months a pupil
can by means of it accurately recall a lecture or sermon. It has the immediate
advantage, over all the associate systems, of increasing and enlarging the scope
and vigour of the memory, or indeed of the mind, so that it may truly bear as a
motto, <em>Vires acquirit eundo</em>—"it gains in power as it runs long."</p>
<p>Finally, I set forth a system of developing the Constructive Faculty—that
which involves Ingenuity, Art, or manual <em>making</em>—as based on the
teaching of the so-called Minor Arts to the young. The principle from which I
proceed is that as the fruit is developed from the flower, all Technical
Education should be anticipated. Or begun in children by practicing easy and
congenial arts, such as light embroidery, wood-carving or repouss�, by means of
which they become familiar with the elements of more serious and substantial
work. Having found out by practical experience, in teaching upwards of two
thousand children for several years, that the practice of such easy work, or the
development of the constructive faculty, invariably awakened the intellectual
power or intelligence, I began to study the subject of the development of the
mind in general. My first discovery after this was that Memory, whether mental,
visual, or of any other kind, could, in connection with Art, be wonderfully
improved, and to this in time came the consideration that the human Will, with
all its mighty power and deep secrets, could be disciplined and directed, or
controlled with as great care as the memory or the mechanical faculty. In a
certain sense the three are one, and the reader who will take the pains, which
are, I trust, not very great, to master the details of this book, will readily
grasp it as a whole, and understand that its contents form a system of
education, yet one from which the old as well as young may profit.</p>
<p>It is worth noting that, were it for nervous invalids alone, or those who
from various causes find it difficult to sleep, or apply the mind to work, this
book would be of unquestionable value. In fact, even while writing this chapter,
a lady has called to thank me for the substantial benefit which she derived from
my advice in this respect. And, mindful of the fact that Attention and Unwearied
Perseverance are most necessary to succeed in such processes as are here
described, I have taken pains to show or explain how they may be rendered more
attractive, tolerable, and habitual to the fickle or light-minded; this, too,
being a subject which has been very little considered from a practical point of
view.</p>
<p>But, above all things, I beg the reader, laying aside all prejudice or
preconceived opinion, and neither believing nor disbelieving what he reads, to
simply <em>try it</em>—that is to test it in his own person to what degree he
can influence his will, or bring about subsequent states of mind, by the very
easy processes laid down. If I could hope that all opinion of my book would be
uttered only by those who had thus put it to the test, I should be well assured
as to its future.</p>
<p>And also I beg all readers, and especially reviewers, to note that I advise
that the auto-suggestive process, by aid of sleep, <em>shall be discontinued as
soon as the experimenter begins to feel an increase in the power of the will;
</em>the whole object of the system being to acquire a perfectly free clear
Will as soon as possible. Great injustice was done, as regards the first edition
of this work, by a very careless though eminent critic, who blamed the author
for not having done what the latter had carefully recommended in his book.</p>
<p>There are four stages of advance towards the truth: firstly, Disbelief;
secondly, Doubt, which is, in fact, only a fond advance towards Disbelief;
thirdly, Agnosticism, which is Doubt mingled with Inquiry; and, finally, pure
and simple Inquiry or Search, without any preconceived opinion or feeling
whatever. It is, I trust, only in the spirit of the latter, that I have written;
therefore I say to the reader, Neither, believe nor disbelieve in anything which
I have said, but, as it is an easy thing to try, experiment for yourself, and
judge by the result. In fact, as a satisfactory and conclusive experiment will
not require more time, and certainly not half the pains which most people would
expend on reading a book, I shall be perfectly satisfied if any or all my
critics will do so, and judge the system by the result.</p>
<SPAN name="0"></SPAN>
<br/>
<h3>INTRODUCTION.</h3>
<p> "Unto many Fortune comes while sleeping."—<em>Latin Proverb.</em></p>
<p> "Few know what is really going on in the world."—<em>American
Proverb.</em></p>
<p>It is but a few years since it suddenly struck the gay world of comic
dramatists and other literary wits, that the Nineteenth Century was drawing to
an end, and regarding it as an event they began to make merry over it, at first
in Paris, and then in London and New York, as the <em>fin-de-si�cle.</em> Unto
them it was the going-out of old fashions in small things, such as changes in
dress, the growth of wealth, or "the mighty bicycle," with a very prevalent idea
that things "are getting mixed" or "checquered," or the old conditions of life
becoming strangely confused. And then men of more thought or intelligence,
looking more deeply into it, began to consider that the phrase did in very truth
express far more serious facts. As in an old Norman tale, he who had entered as
a jester or minstrel in comic garb, laid aside his disguise, and appeared as a
wise counsellor or brave champion who had come to free the imprisoned emperor.</p>
<p>For it began to be seen that this <em>fin-de-si�cle</em> was developing
with startling rapidity changes of stupendous magnitude, which would ere long be
seen "careering with thunder speed along," and that all the revolutions and
reforms recorded in history were only feeble or partial, scattered or small,
compared to the world-wide unification of human interests, led by new lights,
which has begun to manifest itself in every civilized country. That well nigh
every person or real culture, or education guided by pure science, has within a
very few years advanced to a condition of liberal faith which would have been in
my university days generally reprobated as "infidelity," is not to be denied,
and the fact means, beyond all question, that according to its present rate of
advance, in a very few years more, this reform will end in the annulling of
innumerable traditions, forms of faith and methods. <em>Upharsin</em> is writ
on the wall.</p>
<p>More than this, is it not clear that Art and Romance, Poetry and
Literature, as hitherto understood or felt, are either to utterly vanish before
the stupendous advances of science, or what is perhaps more probable, will,
coalescing with it, take new forms, based on a general familiarity with all the
old schools or types? A few years ago it seemed, as regarded all
�sthetic creation, that man had exhausted the old models, and knew not where to look for
new. Now the aim of Art is to interest or please, by gratifying the sense or
taste for the beautiful or human genius in <em>making;</em> also to instruct
and refine; and it is evident that Science is going to fulfill all these
conditions on such a grand scale in so many new ways, that, when man shall be
once engaged in them, all that once gratified him in the past will seem as
childish things, to be put away before pursuits more worthy of manly dignity. If
Art in all forms has of late been quiet, it has been because it has drawn back
like the tiger in order to make the greater bound.</p>
<p>One of the causes why some are laying aside all old spiritualism, romance
and sentiment, is that their realisation takes up too much time, and Science,
which is the soul of business, seeks in all things brevity and directness. It is
probable that the phrase, "but to the point," has been oftener repeated during
the past few years, than it ever was before, since Time begun, of which
directness I shall have more to say anon.</p>
<p>And this is the end to which these remarks on the <em>fin-de-si�cle</em>
were written, to lay stress upon the fact that with the year Nineteen Hundred we
shall begin a century during which civilized mankind will attain its majority
and become <em>manly,</em> doing that which is right as a man should, <em>because
it is right</em> and for no other reason, and shunning wrong for as
good cause. For while man is a child he behaves well, or misbehaves, for <em>
reasons</em> such as the fear of punishment or hope of reward, but in a manly code no reasons
are necessary but only a persuasion or conviction that anything is right or
wrong, and a principle which is as the earth unto a seed.</p>
<p>For as the world is going on, or getting to be, it is very evident that as
it is popularly said, "he who will tell a lie will generally not hesitate to
commit perjury," so he who cannot be really honest, <em>per se,</em> without
being sustained by principle based only on tradition and the opinion of others,
is a poor creature, whose morality or honesty is in fact merely theatrical, or
acted, to satisfy certain conditions or exigencies from which he were better
freed.</p>
<p>This spirit of scientific directness, and economy of thought and trouble by
making the principle of integrity the basis of all forms, and cutting all
ethical theories down to "be good because you <em>ought,"</em> is rapidly
astonishing us with another marvellous fact which it illustrates, namely, that
as in this axiom—as in man himself—there are latent undiscovered powers, so in a
thousand other sayings, or things known to us all, used by us all, and regarded
as common-place, there are astounding novelties and capacities as yet undreamed
of. For, as very few moralists ever understood in full what is meant by the very
much worn or hackneyed saying, "we ought to do what is right," so the world at
large little suspects that such very desirable qualities as Attention, Interest,
Memory and Ingenuity, have that within them which renders them far more
attainable by man than has ever been supposed. Even the great problem of
Happiness itself, as really being only one of a relative state of mind, may be
solved or reached by some far simpler or more direct method than any thinker has
ever suggested.</p>
<p>It all depends on exertion of the <em>Will.</em> There are in this world
a certain number of advanced thinkers who, if they knew how to develope the <em>
Will</em> which exists in them, could bring this reform to pass in an
incredibly short time. That is to say, they could place the doctrine or religion
of Honesty for its own sake so boldly and convincingly before the world that its
future would be assured. Now the man who can develope his will, has it in his
power not only to control his moral nature to any extent, but also to call into
action or realize very extraordinary states of mind, that is, faculties, talents
or abilities which he has never suspected to be within his reach. It is a
stupendous thought; yes, one so great that from the beginning of time to the
present day no sage or poet has ever grasped it in its full extent, and yet is
is a very literal truth, that there lie hidden within us all, as in a sealed-up
spiritual casket, or like the bottled-up <em>djinn</em> in the Arab tale,
innumerable Powers or Intelligences, some capable of bestowing peace or calm,
others of giving Happiness, or inspiring creative genius, energy and
perseverance. All that Man has ever attributed to an Invisible World without,
lies, in fact, within him, and the magic key which will confer the faculty of
sight and the power to conquer is the <em>Will</em>.</p>
<p>It has always been granted that it is a marvellously good thing to have a
strong will, or a determined or resolute mind, and great has been the writing
thereon. I have by me the last book on the subject, in which the faculty is
enthusiastically praised, and the reader is told through all the inflexions of
sentiment, that he <em>ought</em> to assert his Will, to be vigorous in mind, <em>
etcetera,</em> but unfortunately the How to do it is utterly wanting.</p>
<p>It will be generally admitted by all readers that this <em>How to do it</em>
has been always sought in grandly heroic or sublimely vigorous methods of
victory over self. The very idea of being resolute, brave, persevering or
stubborn, awakens in us all thoughts of conflict or dramatic self-conquering.
But it may be far more effectively attained in a much easier way, even as the
ant climbed to the top of the tree and gnawed away and brought down the golden
fruit unto which the man could not rise. There are <em>easy</em> methods, and
by far the most effective, of awakening the Will; methods within the reach of
every one, and which if practised, will lead on <em>ad infinitum,</em>
to marvellous results.</p>
<p>The following chapters will be devoted to setting forth, I trust clearly
and explicitly, how by an extremely easy process, or processes, the will may be,
by any person of ordinary intelligence and perseverance, awakened and developed
to any extent, and with it many other faculties or states of mind. I can
remember once being told by a lady that she thought there ought to be erected in
all great cities temples to the Will, so as to encourage mankind to develop the
divine faculty. It has since occurred to me that an equal number of
school-houses, however humble, in which the art of mastering the Will by easy
processes <em>seriatim</em> should be taught, would be far more useful. Such a
school-house is this work, and it is the hope of the author that all who enter,
so to speak, or read it, will learn therefrom as much as he himself and others
have done by studying its principles.</p>
<p>To recapitulate or make clear in brief what I intend, I would say <em>
Firstly, </em>that the advanced thinkers at this end of the century, weary of all the
old indirect methods of teaching Morality, are beginning to enquire, since Duty
is an indispensable condition, whether it is not just as well to do what is
right, <em>because</em> it is right, as for any other reason? <em>Secondly,</em>
that this spirit of directness, the result of Evolution, is beginning to
show itself in many other directions, as we may note by the great popularity of
the answer to the question, "How not to worry," which is briefly, <em>Don't!
Thirdly,</em> that enlightened by this spirit of scientific
straightforwardness, man is ceasing to seek for mental truth by means of
roundabout metaphysical or conventional ethical methods (based on old traditions
and mysticism), and is looking directly in himself, or materially, for what
Immaterialism or Idealism has really never explained at all—his discoveries
having been within a few years much more valuable that all that <em>a priori</em>
philosophy or psychology ever yielded since the beginning. And, finally, that
the leading faculties or powers of the mind, such as Will, Memory, the
Constructive faculty, and all which are subject to them, instead of being
entirely mysterious "gifts," or inspirations bestowed on only a very few to any
liberal extent, are in all, and may be developed grandly and richly by direct
methods which are moreover extremely easy, and which are in accordance with the
spirit of the age, being the legitimate results of Evolution and Science.</p>
<p>And, that I may not be misunderstood, I would say that the doctrine of Duty
agrees perfectly with every form of religion—a man may be Roman Catholic, Church
of England, Presbyterian, Agnostic, or what he will; and, if a form aids him in
the least to be <em>sincerely honest,</em> it would be a pity for him to be
without it. Truly there are degrees in forms, and where I live in Italy I am
sorry to see so many abuses or errors in them. But to know and do what is right,
when understood, is recognising God as nearly as man can know him, and to do
this perfectly we require <em>Will.</em> It is the true <em>Logos.</em></p>
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