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CHAPTER IV.
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FORETHOUGHT.
<br/>
<p> "Post fata resurgo."</p>
<p> "What is forethought may sleep—'tis very plain,<br/>
But rest assured that it will rise again."</p>
<p> "Forethought is plan inspired by an absolute Will to
carry it out."</p>
<p>It may have struck the reader as an almost awful, or as a very wonderful
idea, that man has within himself, if he did but know it, tremendous powers or
transcendental faculties of which he has really never had any conception. One
reason why such bold thought has been subdued is that he has always felt
according to tradition, the existence of superior supernatural (and with them
patrician) beings, by whose power and patronage he has been effectively
restrained or kept under. Hence gloom and pessimism, doubt and despair. It may
seem a bold thing to say that it did not occur to any philosopher through the
ages that man, resolute and noble and free, might <em>will</em> himself into a
stage of mind defying devils and phantasms, or that amid the infinite
possibilities of human nature there was the faculty of assuming the Indifference
habitual to all animals when not alarmed. But he who will consider these studies
on Self-Hypnotism may possibly infer from them that we have indeed within us a
marvelous power of creating states of mind which make the idea of Pessimism
ridiculous. For it renders potent and grand, pleasing or practically useful, to
all who practice it, a faculty which has the great advantage that it may enter
into all the relations or acts of life; will give to everyone something to do,
something to occupy his mind, even in itself, and if we have other occupations,
Forethought and Induced Will may be made to increase our interest in them and
stimulate our skill. In other words, we can by means of this Art increase our
ability to practice all arts, and enhance or stimulate Genius in every way or
form, be it practical, musical or plastic.</p>
<p>Since I began this work there fell into my hands an ingenious and curious
book, entitled "Happiness as found in <em>Forethought minus Fearthought,</em>"
by HORACE FLETCHER, in which the author very truly declares that <em>Fear</em>
in some form has become the arch enemy of Man, and through the fears of our
progenitors developed by a thousand causes, we have inherited a growing stock of
diseases, terrors, apprehensions, pessimisms, and the like, in which he is
perfectly right.</p>
<p>But as Mr. FLETCHER declares, if men could take <em>Forethought</em> as
their principle and guide they would obviate, anticipate or foresee and provide
for so many evil contingencies and chances that we might secure even peace and
happiness, and then man may become brave and genial, altruistic and earnest, in
spite of it all, by <em>willing</em> away his Timidity.</p>
<p>I have not assumed a high philosophical or metaphysical position in this
work; my efforts have been confined to indicating how by a very simple and
well-nigh mechanical process, perfectly intelligible to every human being with
an intellect, one may induce certain states of mind and thereby create a Will.
But I quite agree with Mr. FLETCHER that Forethought is strong thought, and the
point from which all projects must proceed. As I understand it, it is a kind of
impulse or projection of will into the coming work. I may here illustrate this
with a curious fact in physics. If the reader wished to ring a door-bell so as
to produce as much sound as possible he would probably pull it as far back as he
could and then let it go. But if he would in letting it go simply give it a tap
with his forefinger he would actually redouble the noise.</p>
<p>Or, to shoot an arrow as far as possible, it is not enough to merely draw
the bow to its utmost span or tension. If just as it goes you will give the bow
a quick <em>push,</em> though the effort be trifling, the arrow will fly
almost as far again as it would have done without it.</p>
<p>Or, if, as is well known, in wielding a very sharp saber, we make the
<em>draw-cut,</em> that is if we add to the blow or chop, as with an axe, a certain
slight pull and simultaneously, we can cut through a silk handkerchief or a
sheep.</p>
<p>Forethought is the tap on the bell, the push of the bow, the draw on the
saber. It is the deliberate yet rapid action of the mind when before falling to
sleep or dismissing thought we <em>bid</em> the mind to subsequently respond.
It is more than merely thinking what we are to do; it is the bidding or ordering
self to fulfill a task before willing it.</p>
<p>Forethought in the senses employed or implied as here described means much
more than mere previous consideration or reflection, which may be very feeble.
It is, in fact, "constructive," which, as inventive, implies <em>active</em>
thought. "Forethought stimulates, aids the success of honest aims." Therefore,
as the active principle in mental work, I regard it as a kind of self-impulse,
or that minor part in the division of the force employed which sets the major
into action. Now, if we really understand this and can succeed in employing
Forethought as the preparation for, and impulse to, Self-Suggestion, we shall
greatly aid the success of the latter, because the former insures attention and
interest. Forethought may be brief, but it should always be energetic. By
cultivating it we acquire the enviable talent of those men who take in
everything at a glance, and act promptly, like a NAPOLEON. This power is
universally believed to be entirely innate or a gift; but it can be induced or
developed in all minds in proportion to the will by practice.</p>
<p>Be it observed that as the experimenter progresses in the development of
will by suggestion, he can gradually lay aside the latter, or all
<em>processes,</em> especially if he work to such an end, anticipating it. Then he simply acts by
clear will and strength, and Forethought constitutes all his stock-in-trade,
process or aid. He preconceives and wills energetically at once, and by practice
and repetition <em>Forethought</em> becomes a marvelous help on all occasions
and emergencies.</p>
<p>To make it of avail the one who frequently practices self-suggestion, at
first with, and then without sleep, will inevitably find ere long that to
facilitate his work, or to succeed he <em>must</em> first write, as it were,
or plan a preface, synopsis, or epitome of his proposed work, to start it and
combine with it a resolve or decree that it must be done, the latter being the
tap on the bell-knob. Now the habit of composing the plan as perfectly, yet as
succinctly as possible, daily or nightly, combined with the energetic impulse to
send it off, will ere long give the operator a conception of what I mean by
Foresight which by description I cannot. And when grown familiar and really
mastered its possessor will find that his power to think and act promptly in all
the emergencies of life has greatly increased.</p>
<p>Therefore Forethought means a great deal more, as here employed, than
seeing in advance, or deliberate prudence—it rather implies, like divination or
foreknowledge, sagacity and mental <em>action</em> as well as mere perception.
It will inevitably or assuredly grow with the practice of self-suggestion if the
latter be devoted to mental improvement, but as it grows it will qualify the
operator to lay aside the sleep and suggest to himself directly.</p>
<p>All men of great natural strength of mind, gifted with the will to do and
dare, the beings of action and genius, act directly, and are like athletes who
lift a tree by the simple exertion of the muscles. He who achieves his aim by
self-culture, training, or suggestion, is like one who raises the weight by
means of a lever, and if he practice it often enough he may in the end become as
strong as the other.</p>
<p>There is a curious and very illustrative instance of Forethought in the
sense in which I am endeavoring to explain it, given in a novel, the
"Scalp-Hunters," by MAYNE REID, with whom I was well acquainted in bygone years.
Not having the original, I translate from a French version: </p>
<p>"His aim with the rifle is infallible, and it would seem as if the ball obeyed
his Will. There must be a kind of <em>directing principle</em> in his
mind, independent of strength of nerve and sight. He and one other are the
only men in whom I have observed this singular power."</p>
<p>This means simply the exercise in a second, as it were, of "the tap on the
bell-knob," or the projection of the will into the proposed shot, and which may
be applied to any act. Gymnasts, leapers and the like are all familiar with it.
It springs from resolute confidence and self-impulse enforced; but it also
creates them, and the growth is very great and rapid when the idea is much kept
before the mind. In this latter lies most of the problem.</p>
<p>In Humanity, mind, and especially Forethought, or reflection, combined in
one effort with will and energy, enters into all acts, though often unsuspected,
for it is a kind of unconscious <em>reflex</em> action or cerebration. Thus I
once discovered to my astonishment in a gymnasium that the extremely mechanical
action of putting up a heavy weight from the ground to the shoulder and from the
shoulder to the full reach of the arm above the head, became much easier after a
little practice, although my muscles had not grown, nor my strength increased
during the time. And I found that whatever the exertion might be there was
always some trick or knack, however indescribable, by means of which the man
with a brain could surpass a dolt at <em>anything,</em> though the latter were
his equal in strength. But it sometimes happens that the trick can be taught and
even improved on. And it is in all cases Forethought, even in the lifting of
weights or the willing on the morrow to write a poem.</p>
<p>For this truly weird power—since "the weird sisters" in "Macbeth" means
only the sisters who <em>foresee</em>—is, in fact, the energy which projects
itself in some manner, which physiology can as yet only very weakly explain, and
even if the explanation <em>were</em> perfect, it would amount in fact to no
more than showing the machinery of a watch, when the main object for us is that
it should <em>keep time,</em> and tell the hour, as well as exhibit the ingenuity of the
maker—which thing is very much lost sight of, even by many very great thinkers,
misled by the vanity of showing how much they know.</p>
<p>Yes, Foresight or Forethought projects itself in all things, and it is a
serious consideration, or one of such immense value, that when really
understood, and above all subjected to some practice—such as I have described,
and which, as far as I can see, is <em>necessary</em>—one can bring it to bear
<em>intelligently</em> on all the actions of life, that is to say, to <em>much</em>
greater advantage than when we use it ignorantly, just as a genius endowed with
strength can do far more with it than an ignoramus. For there is nothing
requiring Thought in which it cannot aid us. I have alluded to Poetry. Now this
does not mean that a man can become a SHAKESPEARE or SHELLEY by means of all the
forethought and suggestion in the world, but they will, if well developed and
directed, draw out from the mystic depths of mind such talent as he <em>has</em>—doubtless
in some or all cases more than he has ever shown.</p>
<p>No one can say what is hidden in every memory; it is like the sounding
ocean with its buried cities, and treasures and wondrous relics of the olden
time. This much we may assume to know, that every image or idea or impression
whichever reached us through any of our senses entered a cell when it was ready
for it, where it sleeps or wakes, most images being in the former condition. In
fact, every brain is like a monastery of the Middle Ages, or a beehive. But it
is built on a gigantic scale, for it is thought that no man, however learned or
experienced he might be, ever contrived during all his life to so much as even
half fill the cells of his memory. And if any reader should be apprehensive lest
it come to pass with him in this age of unlimited supply of cheap knowledge that
he will fill all his cells let him console himself with the reflection that it
is supposed that Nature, in such a case, will have a further supply of new cells
ready, she never, as yet, having failed in such rough hospitality, though it
often leaves much to be desired!</p>
<p>Yes, they are all there—every image of the past, every face which ever
smiled on us—the hopes and fears of bygone years—the rustling of grass and
flowers and the roar of the sea—the sound of trumpets in processions grand—the
voices of the great and good among mankind—or what you will. Every line ever
read in print, every picture and face and house is there. Many an experiment has
shown this to be true; also that by mesmerizing or hypnotizing processes the
most hidden images or memories can be awakened. In fact, the idea has lost much
of its wonder since the time of Coleridge, now that every sound can be recorded,
laid away and reproduced, and we are touching closely on an age when all that
lies <em>perdu</em> in any mind can or will be set forth visibly, and all that
a man has ever <em>seen</em> be shown to the world. For this is no whit more
wonderful than that we can convey images or pictures by telegraph, and when I
close my eyes and recall or imagine a form it does not seem strange that there
might be some process by means of which it might be photographed.</p>
<p>And here we touch upon the Materialization of Thought, which conception
loses a part of the absurdity with which Spiritualists and Occultists have
invested it, if we regard all nature as one substance. For, in truth, all that
was ever perceived, even to the shadow of a dream by a lunatic, had as real an
existence while it lasted as the Pyramids of Egypt, else it could not have been
perceived. Sense cannot, even in dreams, observe what is not for the time an
effect on matter. If a man <em>imagines</em> or makes believe to himself that
he has a fairy attendant, or a dog, and <em>fancies</em> that he sees it, that
man does really see <em>something,</em> though it be invisible to others.
There is some kind of creative brain-action going on, some employment of atoms
and forces, and, if this be so, we may enter it among the Possibilities of the
Future that the Material in any form whatever may be advanced, or further
materialized or made real.</p>
<p>It is curious that this idea has long been familiar to believers in magic.
In more than one Italian legend which I have collected a sorceress or goddess
evolves a life from her own soul, as a fire emits a spark. In fact, the fancy
occurs in some form in all mythologies, great or small. In one old Irish legend
a wizard turns a Thought into a watch-dog. The history of genius and of
Invention is that of realizing ideas, of making them clearer and stronger and
more comprehensive. Thus it seems to me that the word <em>Forethought</em> as
generally loosely understood, when compared to what it has been shown capable of
expressing, is almost as much advanced as if like the fairy HERMELINA,
chronicled by GROSIUS, it had been originally a vapor or mere fantasy, and
gradually advanced to fairy life so as to become the companion of a wizard.</p>
<p>If an artist, say a painter, will take forethought for a certain picture,
whether the subject be determined or not, bringing himself to that state of
easy, assured confidence, as a matter of course that he will <em>retain</em>
the subject he will, if not at the first effort, almost certainly at last find
himself possessed of it. Let him beware of haste, or of forcing the work. When
he shall have secured suggestive Interest let him will that Ingenuity shall be
bolder and his spirit draw from the stores of memory more abundant material.
Thus our powers may be gradually and gently drawn into our service. Truly it
would seem as if there were <em>no</em> limit to what a man can evolve out of
himself if he will take Thought thereto.</p>
<p>Forethought can be of vast practical use in cases where confidence is
required. Many a young clergyman and lawyer has been literally frightened out of
a career, and many an actor ruined for want of a very little knowledge, and in
this I speak from personal experience. Let the aspirant who is to appear in
public, or pass an examination, and is alarmed, base his forethought on such
ideas as this, that he would not be afraid to repeat his speech to <em>one</em>
person or two—why should he fear a hundred? There are some who can repeat this
idea to themselves till it takes hold strongly, and they rise almost feeling
contempt for all in court—as did the old lady in Saint Louis, who felt so
relieved when a witness at <em>not</em> feeling frightened that she bade judge
and jury cease looking at her in that impudent way.</p>
<p>Having read the foregoing to a friend he asked me whether I believed that
by Forethought and Suggestion a gentleman could be induced without diffidence to
offer himself in marriage, since, as is well known, that the most eligible young
men often put off wedding for years because they cannot summon up courage to
propose. To which I replied that I had no great experience of such cases, but as
regarded the method I was like the Scotch clergyman who, being asked by a
wealthy man if he thought that the gift of a thousand pounds to the Kirk would
save the donor's soul, replied: "I'm na prepairet to preceesly answer thot
question—but I wad vara warmly advise ye to <em>try</em> it."</p>
<p>It must be remembered that for the very great majority of cases, if really
not for all, the practicer of this process must be of temperate habits, and
never attempt after a hearty meal, or drinking freely, to exercise Forethought
or Self-Suggestion. Peaceful mental action during sleep requires that there
shall be very light labor of digestion, and disturbed or troublesome dreams are
utterly incompatible with really successful results. Nor will a single day's
temperance suffice. It requires many days to bring the whole frame and
constitution into good fit order. Here there can be no evasion, for more than
ordinary temperance in food and drink is <em>absolutely indispensable.</em></p>
<p>It is a principle, recognized by all physiologists, that digestion and
fixed thought cannot go on together; it is even unadvisable to read while
eating. Thus in all the old magical operations, which were, in fact,
self-hypnotism, a perfect fast is insisted on with reason. This is all so
self-evident that I need not dwell on it. It will be needless for anyone to take
up this subject as a trifling pastime, or attempt self-suggestion and
development of will with as little earnestness as one would give to a game of
cards; for in such a half-way effort time will be lost and nothing come of it.
Unless entered on with the most serious resolve to persevere, and make greater
effort and more earnestly at every step, it had better be let alone.</p>
<p>All who will persevere with calm determination cannot fail ere long to gain
a certain success, and this achieved, the second step is much easier. However,
there are many people who after doing all in their power to get to the gold or
diamond mines, hasten away even when in the full tide of success, because they
are fickle—and it is precisely such people who easily tire who are most easily
attracted, be it to mesmerism, hypnotism, or any other wonder. And they are more
wearisome and greater foes to true Science than the utterly indifferent or the
ignorant.</p>
<p>This work will not have been written in vain should it induce the reader to
reflect on what is implied by patient repetition or perseverance, and what an
incredible and varied <em>power</em> that man acquires who masters it. He who
can lead himself, or others, into a <em>habit</em> can do anything. Even
Religion is, in fact, nothing else. "Religion," said the reviewer of "The
Evolution of the Idea of God," by GRANT ALLEN, "he defines as Custom or
Practice—not theory, not theology, not ethics, not spiritual aspirations, but a
certain set of more or less similar observances: propitiation, prayer, praise,
offerings, the request for Divine favors, the deprecation of Divine anger, or
other misfortunes"—in short, Ritual. That is to say, it is the aggregate of the
different parts of religion, of which many take one for the whole. But this
aggregation was the result of earnest patience and had good results. And it is
by the careful analysis and all-round examination of Ideas that we acquire
valuable knowledge, and may learn how very few there are current which are more
than very superficially understood—as I have shown in what I have said of the
Will, the Imagination, Forethought, and many other faculties which are
flippantly used to explain a thousand problems by people who can hardly define
the things themselves.</p>
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