<h2><SPAN name="Chapter_X"></SPAN>Chapter X</h2>
<h3>In which is explained the sublime mystery of keel-hauling--Snarleyyow saves Smallbones<br/> from being drowned, although Smallbones would have drowned him.</h3>
<br/>
<p>It is a dark morning; the wind is fresh from the northwest;
flakes of snow are seen wafting here and there by the wind, the
avant-couriers of a heavy fall; the whole sky is of one murky grey,
and the sun is hidden behind a dense bank. The deck of the cutter
is wet and slippery, and Dick Short has the morning watch. He is
wrapt up in a Flushing pea-jacket, with thick mittens on his hands;
he looks about him, and now and then a fragment of snow whirls into
his eye; he winks it out, it melts and runs like a tear down his
cheek. If it were not that it is contrary to man-of-war custom he
would warm himself with the <i>double-shuffle</i>, but such a step
would be unheard of on the quarter-deck of even the cutter
<i>Yungfrau</i>.</p>
<p>The tarpaulin over the hatchway is pushed on one side, and the
space between the coamings is filled with the bull head and broad
shoulders of Corporal Van Spitter, who, at last, gains the deck; he
looks round him and apparently is not much pleased with the
weather. Before he proceeds to business, he examines the sleeves
and front of his jacket, and having brushed off with the palm of
his hand a variety of blanket-hairs, adhering to the cloth, he is
satisfied, and now turns to the right and to the left, and forward
and aft--in less than a minute he goes right round the compass.
What can Corporal Van Spitter want at so early an hour? He has not
come up on deck for nothing, and yet he appears to be strangely
puzzled: the fact is, by the arrangements of last night, it was
decided, that this morning, if Snarleyyow did not make his
appearance in the boat sent on shore for fresh beef for the ship's
company, the unfortunate Smallbones was to be
<i>keel-hauled</i>.</p>
<p>What a delightful morning for a keel-hauling!</p>
<p>This ingenious process, which, however, like many other good old
customs, has fallen into disuse, must be explained to the
non-nautical reader. It is nothing more nor less than sending a
poor navigator on a voyage of discovery under the bottom of the
vessel, lowering him<SPAN name="FNanchor2"></SPAN><SPAN href="#Footnote_2">[2]</SPAN> down over the bows, and with ropes detaining
him exactly in his position under the kelson, while he is drawn aft
by a hauling line until he makes his appearance at the
rudder-chains, generally speaking quite out of breath, not at the
rapidity of his motion, but because, when so long under the water,
he has expended all the breath in his body, and is induced to take
in salt water <i>en lieu.</i> There is much merit in this
invention; people are very apt to be content with walking the deck
of a man-of-war, and complain of it as a hardship, but when once
they have learnt, by experience, the difference between being
comfortable above board, and the number of deprivations which they
have to submit to when under board and overboard at the same time,
they find that there are worse situations than being on the deck of
a vessel--we say privations when under board, for they really are
very important:--you are deprived of the air to breathe, which is
not borne with patience even by a philosopher, and you are obliged
to drink salt water instead of fresh. In the days of keel-hauling,
the bottoms of vessels were not coppered, and in consequence were
well studded with a species of shell-fish which attached
themselves, called barnacles, and as these shells were all
open-mouthed and with sharp cutting points, those who underwent
this punishment (for they were made by the ropes at each side,
fastened to their arms, to hug the kelson of the vessel) were cut
and scored all over their body, as if with so many lancets,
generally coming up bleeding in every part, and with their faces,
especially their noses, as if they had been gnawed by the rats; but
this was considered rather advantageous than otherwise, as the loss
of blood restored the patient if he was not quite drowned, and the
consequence was, that one out of three, it is said, have been known
to recover after their submarine excursion. The Dutch have the
credit, and we will not attempt to take from them their undoubted
right, of having invented this very agreeable description of
punishment. They are considered a heavy, phlegmatic sort of people,
but on every point in which the art of ingeniously tormenting is in
request, it must be admitted that they have taken the lead of much
more vivacious and otherwise more inventive nations.</p>
<blockquote><SPAN name="Footnote_2"></SPAN><SPAN href="#FNanchor2">[2]</SPAN>
The author has here explained keel-hauling as practised in those
times in small <i>fore and aft</i> vessels. In large and
square-rigged vessels, the man was hauled up to one main-yard arm,
and dropped into the sea, and hauled under the bottom of the vessel
to the other; but this in small fore and aft vessels was not so
easily effected, nor was it considered sufficient
punishment.</blockquote>
<p>And now the reader will perceive why Corporal Van Spitter was in
a dilemma. With all the good-will in the world, with every anxiety
to fulfil his duty, and to obey his superior officer, he was not a
seaman, and did not know how to commence operations. He knew
nothing about foddering a vessel's bottom, much less how to fodder
it with the carcass of one of his fellow-creatures. The corporal,
as we said before, turned round and round the compass to ascertain
if he could compass his wishes; at last, he commenced by dragging
one-rope's end from one side and another from the other; those
would do for the side ropes, but he wanted a long one from forward
and another from aft, and how to get the one from aft under the
cutter's bottom was a puzzle; and then there was the mast and the
rigging in his way;--the corporal reflected--the more he considered
the matter, the more his brain became confused; he was at a
nonplus, and he gave it up in despair: he stood still, took out a
blue cotton handkerchief from the breast of his jacket and wiped
his forehead, for the intensity of thought had made him
perspire--anything like reflection was very hard work for Corporal
Van Spitter.</p>
<p>"Tousand tyfels!" at last exclaimed the corporal, and he paused
and knocked his big head with his fist.</p>
<p>"Hundred thousand tyfels!" repeated the corporal after five
minutes' more thought.</p>
<p>"Twenty hundred tousand tyfels!" muttered the corporal, once
more knocking his head: but he knocked in vain; like an empty
house, there was no one within to answer the appeal. The corporal
could no more: so he returned his pocket-handkerchief to the breast
of his jacket, and a heavy sigh escaped from his own breast. All
the devils in hell were mentally conjured and summoned to his aid,
but they were, it is to be presumed, better employed, for although
the work in hand was diabolical enough, still, Smallbones was such
a poor devil, that probably he might have been considered as
remotely allied to the fraternity.</p>
<p>It may be inquired why, as this was <i>on service</i>, Corporal
Van Spitter did not apply for the assistance of the seamen
belonging to the vessel, particularly to the officer in charge of
the deck; but the fact was, that he was unwilling to do this,
knowing that his application would be in vain, for he was aware
that the whole crew sided with Smallbones; it was only as a last
resource that he intended to do this, and being now at his
<i>wit's</i> end, he walked up to Dick Short, who had been watching
the corporal's motions in silence, and accosted him.</p>
<p>"If you please, Mynheer Short, Mynheer Vanslyperken give orders
dat de boy be keel-hauled dis morning:--I want haben de rope and de
way."</p>
<p>Short looked at the corporal, and made no reply.</p>
<p>"Mynheer Short, I haben tell de order of Mynheer
Vanslyperken."</p>
<p>Dick Short made no reply, but leaning over the hatchway, called
out, "Jemmy."</p>
<p>"Ay, ay," replied Jemmy Ducks, turning out of his hammock and
dropping on the lower deck.</p>
<p>Corporal Van Spitter, who imagined that Mr Short was about to
comply with his request after his own Harpocratic fashion, remained
quietly on the deck until Jemmy Ducks made his appearance.</p>
<p>"Hands," quoth Short.</p>
<p>Jemmy piped the hands up.</p>
<p>"Boat," quoth Short, turning his head to the small boat hoisted
up astern.</p>
<p>Now as all this was apparently preparatory to the work required,
the corporal was satisfied. The men soon came up with their
hammocks on their shoulders, which they put into the nettings, and
then Jemmy proceeded to lower down the boat. As soon as it was down
and hauled up alongside, Short turned round to Coble, and waving
his hand towards the shore, said,</p>
<p>"Beef."</p>
<p>Coble, who perfectly understood him, put a new quid into his
cheek, went down the side, and pulled on shore to bring off the
fresh beef and vegetables for the ship's company; after which Dick
Short walked the deck and gave no further orders.</p>
<p>Corporal Van Spitter perceiving this, went up to him again.</p>
<p>"Mynheer Short, you please get ready."</p>
<p>"No!" thundered Short, turning away.</p>
<p>"Got for dam, dat is mutiny," muttered the corporal, who
immediately backed stern foremost down the hatchway, to report to
his commandant the state of affairs on deck. Mr Vanslyperken had
already risen; he had slept but one hour during the whole night,
and that one hour was so occupied with wild and fearful dreams that
he awoke from his sleep unrefreshed. He had dreamed that he was
making every attempt to drown Smallbones, but without effect, for,
so soon as the lad was dead he came to life again; he thought that
Smallbones' soul was incorporated in a small animal something like
a mouse, and that he had to dislodge it from its tenement of clay;
but as soon as he drove it from one part of the body it would force
its way back again into another; if he forced it out by the mouth
after incredible exertions, which made him perspire at every pore,
it would run back again into the ear; if forced from thence,
through the nostril, then in at the toe, or any other part; in
short, he laboured apparently in his dream for years, but without
success. And then the "change came o'er the spirit of his dream;"
but still there was analogy, for he was now trying to press his
suit, which was now a liquid in a vial, into the widow
Vandersloosh, but in vain. He administered it again and again, but
it acted as an emetic, and she could not stomach it, and then he
found himself rejected by all--the widow kicked him, Smallbones
stamped upon him, even Snarleyyow flew at him and bit him; at last,
he fell with an enormous paving-stone round his neck, descending
into a horrible abyss head foremost, and, as he increased his
velocity, he awoke trembling and confused, and could sleep no more.
This dream was not one to put Mr Vanslyperken into good humour, and
two severe cuts on his cheek with the razor as he attempted to
shave, for his hand still trembled, had added to his discontent,
when it was raised to its climax by the entrance of Corporal Van
Spitter, who made his report of the mutinous conduct of the first
officer. Never was Mr Vanslyperken in such a tumult of rage; he
pulled off some beaver from his hat to staunch the blood, and
wiping off the remainder of the lather, for he put aside the
operation of shaving till his hand was more steady, he threw on his
coat and followed the corporal on deck, looked round with a savage
air, spied out the diminutive form of Jemmy Ducks, and desired him
to pipe "all hands to keel-haul."</p>
<p>Whereupon Jemmy put his pipe to his mouth, and after a long
flourish, bawled out what appeared to Mr Vanslyperken to be--all
hands to <i>be heel-hauled;</i> but Jemmy slurred over quickly the
little change made in the order, and, although the men tittered, Mr
Vanslyperken thought it better to say nothing. But there is an old
saying, that you may bring a horse to the pond, but you cannot make
him drink. Mr Vanslyperken had given the order, but no one
attempted to commence the arrangements. The only person who showed
any activity was Smallbones himself, who, not aware that he was to
be punished, and hearing all hands piped for something or another,
came shambling, all legs and wings, up the hatchway, and looked
around to ascertain what was to be done. He was met by the bulky
form of Corporal Van Spitter, who, thinking that Smallbones' making
his appearance in such haste was with the intention of jumping
overboard to avoid his punishment, immediately seized him by the
collar with the left hand, turned round on a pivot towards Mr
Vanslyperken, and raising his right hand to his foraging cap,
reported, "The prisoner on deck, Mynheer Vanslyperken." This roused
the lieutenant to action, for he had been walking the deck for a
half minute in deep thought.</p>
<p>"Is all ready there, forward?" cried Mr Vanslyperken.</p>
<p>No one replied.</p>
<p>"I say, boatswain, is all ready?"</p>
<p>"No, sir," replied Jemmy; "nobody knows how to set about it. I
don't, anyhow--I never seed anything of the like since I've been in
the service--the whole of the ship's company say the same." But
even the flakes of snow, which now fell thick, and whitened the
blue jacket of Mr Vanslyperken, could not assuage his wrath--he
perceived that the men were refractory, so he summoned the six
marines--who were completely under the control of their
corporal.</p>
<p>Poor Smallbones had, in the meantime, discovered what was going
on, and thought that he might as well urge something in his own
defence.</p>
<p>"If you please, what are you going for to do with me?" said the
lad, with a terrified look.</p>
<p>"Lead him forward," said Mr Vanslyperken; "follow me, marines;"
and the whole party, headed by the lieutenant, went before the
mast.</p>
<p>"Strip him," cried Mr Vanslyperken.</p>
<p>"Strip me, with the snow flying like this! An't I cold enough
already?"</p>
<p>"You'll be colder when you're under the bottom of the cutter,"
replied his master.</p>
<p>"O Lord! then it is keel-hauling a'ter all; why what have I
done?" cried Smallbones, as the marines divested him of his shirt,
and exposed his emaciated body to the pitiless storm.</p>
<p>"Where's Snarleyyow, sir?--confess."</p>
<p>"Snarleyyow--how should I know, sir? it's very hard, because
your dog is not to be found, that I'm to be dragged under the
bottom of a vessel."</p>
<p>"I'll teach you to throw paving-stones in the canal."</p>
<p>"Paving-stones, sir!" and Smallbones' guilty conscience flew in
his face. "Well, sir, do as you please, I'm sure I don't care; if I
am to be killed, be quick about it--I'm sure I sha'n't come up
alive."</p>
<p>Here Mr Vanslyperken remembered his dream, and the difficulty
which he had in driving Smallbones' soul out of his body, and he
was fearful that even keel-hauling would not settle Smallbones.</p>
<p>By the directions of Mr Vanslyperken, the hauling ropes and
other tackle were collected by the marines, for the seamen stood
by, and appeared resolved, to a man, to do nothing, and, in about
half an hour, all was ready. Four marines manned the hauling line,
one was placed at each side-rope fastened to the lad's arms, and
the corporal, as soon as he had lifted the body of Smallbones over
the larboard gunnel, had directions to attend the bow-line, and not
allow him to be dragged on too fast: a better selection for this
purpose could not have been made than Corporal Van Spitter.
Smallbones had been laid without his clothes on the deck, now
covered with snow, during the time that the lines were making fast
to him; he remained silent, and as usual, when punished, with his
eyes shut, and as Vanslyperken watched him with feelings of hatred,
he perceived an occasional smile to cross the lad's haggard
features. He knows where the dog is, thought Vanslyperken, and his
desire to know what had become of Snarleyyow overcame his
vengeance--he addressed the shivering Smallbones.</p>
<p>"Now, sir, if you wish to escape the punishment, tell me what
has become of the dog, for I perceive that you know."</p>
<p>Smallbones grinned as his teeth chattered--he would have
undergone a dozen keel-haulings rather than have satisfied
Vanslyperken.</p>
<p>"I give you ten minutes to think of it," continued the
lieutenant; "hold all fast at present."</p>
<p>The snow storm now came on so thick that it was difficult to
distinguish the length of the vessel. Smallbones' naked limbs were
gradually covered, and, before the ten minutes were expired, he was
wrapped up in snow as in a garment--he shook his head occasionally
to clear his face, but remained silent.</p>
<p>"Now, sir," cried Vanslyperken, "will you tell me, or overboard
you go at once? Will you tell me?"</p>
<p>"No," replied Smallbones.</p>
<p>"Do you know, you scoundrel?"</p>
<p>"Yes," replied Smallbones, whose indignation was roused.</p>
<p>"And you won't tell?"</p>
<p>"No," shrieked the lad--"no, never, never, never!"</p>
<p>"Corporal Van Spitter, over with him," cried Vanslyperken in a
rage, when a sudden stir was heard amongst the men aft, and as the
corporal raised up the light frame of the culprit, to carry it to
the gunnel, to the astonishment of Vanslyperken, of the corporal,
and of Smallbones, Snarleyyow appeared on the forecastle, and made
a rush at Smallbones, as he lay in the corporal's arms, snapped at
his leg, and then set up his usual deep baying, "bow, bow,
bow!"</p>
<p>The re-appearance of the dog created no small
sensation--Vanslyperken felt that he had now no reason for
keel-hauling Smallbones, which annoyed him as much as the sight of
the dog gave him pleasure. The corporal, who had dropped Smallbones
on the snow, was also disappointed. As for Smallbones, at the
baying of the dog, he started up on his knees, and looked at it as
if it were an apparition, with every demonstration of terror in his
countenance; his eyes glared upon the animal with horror and
astonishment, and he fell down in a swoon. The whole of the ship's
company were taken aback--they looked at one another and shook
their heads--one only remark was made by Jansen, who muttered, "De
tog is no tog a'ter all."</p>
<p>Mr Vanslyperken ordered Smallbones to be taken below, and then
walked aft; perceiving Obadiah Coble, he inquired whence the dog
had come, and was answered that he had come off in the boat which
he had taken on shore for fresh beef and vegetables. Mr
Vanslyperken made no reply, but, with Snarleyyow at his heels, went
down into the cabin.</p>
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