<SPAN name="startofbook"></SPAN>
<h1>THE CLOUDS</h1>
<h2>By Aristophanes</h2>
<h3>Translated by William James Hickie</h3>
<p><br/>
Scene: The interior of a sleeping-apartment:<br/>
Strepsiades, Phidippides, and two servants are in their<br/>
beds; a small house is seen at a distance. Time:<br/>
midnight.<br/></p>
<p> Strepsiades (sitting up in his bed). Ah me! Ah me! O<br/>
King Jupiter, of what a terrible length the nights are!<br/>
Will it never be day? And yet long since I heard the<br/>
cock. My domestics are snoring; but they would not have<br/>
done so heretofore! May you perish then, O war! For many<br/>
reasons; because I may not even punish my domestics.<br/>
Neither does this excellent youth awake through the<br/>
night; but takes his ease, wrapped up in five blankets.<br/>
Well, if it is the fashion, let us snore wrapped up.<br/></p>
<p> [Lies down, and then almost immediately starts up<br/>
again.]<br/></p>
<p> But I am not able, miserable man, to sleep, being<br/>
tormented by my expenses, and my stud of horses, and my<br/>
debts, through this son of mine. He with his long hair,<br/>
is riding horses and driving curricles, and dreaming of<br/>
horses; while I am driven to distraction, as I see the<br/>
moon bringing on the twentieths; for the interest is<br/>
running on. Boy! Light a lamp, and bring forth my<br/>
tablets, that I may take them and read to how many I am<br/>
indebted, and calculate the interest.<br/></p>
<p> [Enter boy with a light and tablets.]<br/></p>
<p> Come, let me see; what do I owe? Twelve minae to<br/>
Pasias. Why twelve minae to Pasias? Why did I borrow<br/>
them? When I bought the blood-horse. Ah me, unhappy!<br/>
Would that it had had its eye knocked out with a stone<br/>
first!<br/></p>
<p> Phidippides (talking in his sleep). You are acting<br/>
unfairly, Philo! Drive on your own course.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. This is the bane that has destroyed me; for even<br/>
in his sleep he dreams about horsemanship.<br/></p>
<p> Phid. How many courses will the war-chariots run?<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Many courses do you drive me, your father. But<br/>
what debt came upon me after Pasias? Three minae to<br/>
Amynias for a little chariot and pair of wheels.<br/></p>
<p> Phid. Lead the horse home, after having given him a good<br/>
rolling.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. O foolish youth, you have rolled me out of my<br/>
possessions; since I have been cast in suits, and others<br/>
say that they will have surety given them for the<br/>
interest.<br/></p>
<p> Phid. (awakening) Pray, father, why are you peevish, and<br/>
toss about the whole night?<br/></p>
<p> Strep. A bailiff out of the bedclothes is biting<br/>
me.<br/></p>
<p> Phid. Suffer me, good sir, to sleep a little.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Then, do you sleep on; but know that all these<br/>
debts will turn on your head.<br/></p>
<p> [Phidippides falls asleep again.]<br/></p>
<p> Alas! Would that the match-maker had perished miserably,<br/>
who induced me to marry your mother. For a country life<br/>
used to be most agreeable to me, dirty, untrimmed,<br/>
reclining at random, abounding in bees, and sheep, and<br/>
oil-cake. Then I, a rustic, married a niece of Megacles,<br/>
the son of Megacles, from the city, haughty, luxurious,<br/>
and Coesyrafied. When I married her, I lay with her<br/>
redolent of new wine, of the cheese-crate, and abundance<br/>
of wool; but she, on the contrary, of ointment, saffron,<br/>
wanton-kisses, extravagance, gluttony, and of Colias and<br/>
Genetyllis. I will not indeed say that she was idle;<br/>
but she wove. And I used to show her this cloak by way<br/>
of a pretext and say "Wife, you weave at a great<br/>
rate."<br/></p>
<p> Servant re-enters.<br/></p>
<p> Servant. We have no oil in the lamp.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Ah me! Why did you light the thirsty lamp? Come<br/>
hither that you may weep!<br/></p>
<p> Ser. For what, pray, shall I weep?<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Because you put in one of the thick wicks.<br/></p>
<p> [Servant runs out]<br/></p>
<p> After this, when this son was born to us, to me,<br/>
forsooth, and to my excellent wife, we squabbled then<br/>
about the name: for she was for adding hippos to the<br/>
name, Xanthippus, or Charippus, or Callipides; but I was<br/>
for giving him the name of his grandfather, Phidonides.<br/>
For a time therefore we disputed; and then at length we<br/>
agreed, and called him Phidippides. She used to take<br/>
this son and fondle him, saying, "When you, being grown<br/>
up, shall drive your chariot to the city, like Megacles,<br/>
with a xystis." But I used to say, "Nay, rather, when<br/>
dressed in a leathern jerkin, you shall drive goats from<br/>
Phelleus, like your father." He paid no attention to my<br/>
words, but poured a horse-fever over my property. Now,<br/>
therefore, by meditating the whole night, I have<br/>
discovered one path for my course extraordinarily<br/>
excellent; to which if I persuade this youth I shall be<br/>
saved. But first I wish to awake him. How then can I<br/>
awake him in the most agreeable manner? How?<br/>
Phidippides, my little Phidippides?<br/></p>
<p> Phid. What, father?<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Kiss me, and give me your right hand!<br/></p>
<p> Phid. There. What's the matter?<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Tell me, do you love me?<br/></p>
<p> Phid. Yes, by this Equestrian Neptune.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Nay, do not by any means mention this Equestrian<br/>
to me, for this god is the author of my misfortunes.<br/>
But, if you really love me from your heart, my son, obey<br/>
me.<br/></p>
<p> Phid. In what then, pray, shall I obey you?<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Reform your habits as quickly as possible, and go<br/>
and learn what I advise.<br/></p>
<p> Phid. Tell me now, what do you prescribe?<br/></p>
<p> Strep. And will you obey me at all?<br/></p>
<p> Phid. By Bacchus, I will obey you.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Look this way then! Do you see this little door<br/>
and little house?<br/></p>
<p> Phid. I see it. What then, pray, is this, father?<br/></p>
<p> Strep. This is a thinking-shop of wise spirits. There<br/>
dwell men who in speaking of the heavens persuade people<br/>
that it is an oven, and that it encompasses us, and that<br/>
we are the embers. These men teach, if one give them<br/>
money, to conquer in speaking, right or wrong.<br/></p>
<p> Phid. Who are they?<br/></p>
<p> Strep. I do not know the name accurately. They are<br/>
minute philosophers, noble and excellent.<br/></p>
<p> Phid. Bah! They are rogues; I know them. You mean the<br/>
quacks, the pale-faced wretches, the bare-footed<br/>
fellows, of whose numbers are the miserable Socrates and<br/>
Chaerephon.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Hold! Hold! Be silent! Do not say anything<br/>
foolish. But, if you have any concern for your father's<br/>
patrimony, become one of them, having given up your<br/>
horsemanship.<br/></p>
<p> Phid. I would not, by Bacchus, even if you were to give<br/>
me the pheasants which Leogoras rears!<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Go, I entreat you, dearest of men, go and be<br/>
taught.<br/></p>
<p> Phid. Why, what shall I learn?<br/></p>
<p> Strep. They say that among them are both the two<br/>
causes—the better cause, whichever that is, and the<br/>
worse: they say that the one of these two causes, the<br/>
worse, prevails, though it speaks on the unjust side.<br/>
If, therefore you learn for me this unjust cause, I<br/>
would not pay any one, not even an obolus of these<br/>
debts, which I owe at present on your account.<br/></p>
<p> Phid. I can not comply; for I should not dare to look<br/>
upon the knights, having lost all my colour.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Then, by Ceres, you shall not eat any of my<br/>
good! Neither you, nor your blood-horse; but I will<br/>
drive you out of my house to the crows.<br/></p>
<p> Phid. My uncle Megacles will not permit me to be without<br/>
a horse. But I'll go in, and pay no heed to you.<br/></p>
<p> [Exit Phidippides.]<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Though fallen, still I will not lie prostrate:<br/>
but having prayed to the gods, I will go myself to the<br/>
thinking-shop and get taught. How, then, being an old<br/>
man, shall I learn the subtleties of refined<br/>
disquisitions? I must go. Why thus do I loiter and not<br/>
knock at the door?<br/></p>
<p> [Knocks at the door.]<br/></p>
<p> Boy! Little boy!<br/></p>
<p> Disciple (from within). Go to the devil! Who it is that<br/>
knocked at the door?<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Strepsiades, the son of Phidon, of Cicynna.<br/></p>
<p> Dis. You are a stupid fellow, by Jove! who have kicked<br/>
against the door so very carelessly, and have caused the<br/>
miscarriage of an idea which I had conceived.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Pardon me; for I dwell afar in the country. But<br/>
tell me the thing which has been made to miscarry.<br/></p>
<p> Dis. It is not lawful to mention it, except to<br/>
disciples.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Tell it, then, to me without fear; for I here am<br/>
come as a disciple to the thinking-shop.<br/></p>
<p> Dis. I will tell you; but you must regard these as<br/>
mysteries. Socrates lately asked Chaerephon about a<br/>
flea, how many of its own feet it jumped; for after<br/>
having bit the eyebrow of Chaerephon, it leaped away<br/>
onto the head of Socrates.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. How then did he measure this?<br/></p>
<p> Dis. Most cleverly. He melted some wax; and then took<br/>
the flea and dipped its feet in the wax; and then a pair<br/>
of Persian slippers stuck to it when cooled. Having<br/>
gently loosened these, he measured back the distance.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. O King Jupiter! What subtlety of thought!<br/></p>
<p> Dis. What then would you say if you heard another<br/>
contrivance of Socrates?<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Of what kind? Tell me, I beseech you!<br/></p>
<p> Dis. Chaerephon the Sphettian asked him whether he<br/>
thought gnats buzzed through the mouth or the breech.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. What, then, did he say about the gnat?<br/></p>
<p> Dis. He said the intestine of the gnat was narrow and<br/>
that the wind went forcibly through it, being slender,<br/>
straight to the breech; and then that the rump, being<br/>
hollow where it is adjacent to the narrow part,<br/>
resounded through the violence of the wind.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. The rump of the gnats then is a trumpet! Oh,<br/>
thrice happy he for his sharp-sightedness! Surely a<br/>
defendant might easily get acquitted who understands the<br/>
intestine of the gnat.<br/></p>
<p> Dis. But he was lately deprived of a great idea by a<br/>
lizard.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. In what way? Tell me.<br/></p>
<p> Dis. As he was investigating the courses of the moon and<br/>
her revolutions, then as he was gaping upward a lizard<br/>
in the darkness dropped upon him from the roof.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. I am amused at a lizard's having dropped on<br/>
Socrates.<br/></p>
<p> Dis. Yesterday evening there was no supper for us.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Well. What then did he contrive for provisions?<br/></p>
<p> Dis. He sprinkled fine ashes on the table, and bent a<br/>
little spit, and then took it as a pair of compasses and<br/>
filched a cloak from the Palaestra.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Why then do we admire Thales? Open open quickly<br/>
the thinking-shop, and show to me Socrates as quickly as<br/>
possible. For I desire to be a disciple. Come, open the<br/>
door.<br/></p>
<p> [The door of the thinking-shop opens and the pupils of<br/>
Socrates are seen all with their heads fixed on the<br/>
ground, while Socrates himself is seen suspended in the<br/>
air in a basket.]<br/></p>
<p> O Hercules, from what country are these wild beasts?<br/></p>
<p> Dis. What do you wonder at? To what do they seem to you<br/>
to be like?<br/></p>
<p> Strep. To the Spartans who were taken at Pylos. But why<br/>
in the world do these look upon the ground?<br/></p>
<p> Dis. They are in search of the things below the earth.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Then they are searching for roots. Do not, then,<br/>
trouble yourselves about this; for I know where there<br/>
are large and fine ones. Why, what are these doing, who<br/>
are bent down so much?<br/></p>
<p> Dis. These are groping about in darkness under Tartarus.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Why then does their rump look toward heaven?<br/></p>
<p> Dis. It is getting taught astronomy alone by itself.<br/></p>
<p> [Turning to the pupils.]<br/></p>
<p> But go in, lest he meet with us.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Not yet, not yet; but let them remain, that I may<br/>
communicate to them a little matter of my own.<br/></p>
<p> Dis. It is not permitted to them to remain without in<br/>
the open air for a very long time.<br/></p>
<p> [The pupils retire.]<br/></p>
<p> Strep. (discovering a variety of mathematical<br/>
instruments) Why, what is this, in the name of heaven?<br/>
Tell me.<br/></p>
<p> Dis. This is Astronomy.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. But what is this?<br/></p>
<p> Dis. Geometry.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. What then is the use of this?<br/></p>
<p> Dis. To measure out the land.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. What belongs to an allotment?<br/></p>
<p> Dis. No, but the whole earth.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. You tell me a clever notion; for the contrivance<br/>
is democratic and useful.<br/></p>
<p> Dis. (pointing to a map) See, here's a map of the whole<br/>
earth. Do you see? This is Athens.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. What say you? I don't believe you; for I do not<br/>
see the Dicasts sitting.<br/></p>
<p> Dis. Be assured that this is truly the Attic territory.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Why, where are my fellow-tribesmen of Cicynna?<br/></p>
<p> Dis. Here they are. And Euboea here, as you see, is<br/>
stretched out a long way by the side of it to a great<br/>
distance.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. I know that; for it was stretched by us and<br/>
Pericles. But where is Lacedaemon?<br/></p>
<p> Dis. Where is it? Here it is.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. How near it is to us! Pay great attention to<br/>
this, to remove it very far from us.<br/></p>
<p> Dis. By Jupiter, it is not possible.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Then you will weep for it.<br/></p>
<p> [Looking up and discovering Socrates.]<br/></p>
<p> Come, who is this man who is in the basket?<br/></p>
<p> Dis. Himself.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Who's "Himself"?<br/></p>
<p> Dis. Socrates.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. O Socrates! Come, you sir, call upon him loudly<br/>
for me.<br/></p>
<p> Dis. Nay, rather, call him yourself; for I have no<br/>
leisure.<br/></p>
<p> [Exit Disciple.]<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Socrates! My little Socrates!<br/></p>
<p> Socrates. Why callest thou me, thou creature of a day?<br/></p>
<p> Strep. First tell me, I beseech you, what are you doing.<br/></p>
<p> Soc. I am walking in the air, and speculating about the<br/>
sun.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. And so you look down upon the gods from your<br/>
basket, and not from the earth?<br/></p>
<p> Soc. For I should not have rightly discovered things<br/>
celestial if I had not suspended the intellect, and<br/>
mixed the thought in a subtle form with its kindred air.<br/>
But if, being on the ground, I speculated from below on<br/>
things above, I should never have discovered them. For<br/>
the earth forcibly attracts to itself the meditative<br/>
moisture. Water-cresses also suffer the very same thing.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. What do you say? Does meditation attract the<br/>
moisture to the water-cresses? Come then, my little<br/>
Socrates, descend to me, that you may teach me those<br/>
things, for the sake of which I have come.<br/></p>
<p> [Socrates lowers himself and gets out of the basket.]<br/></p>
<p> Soc. And for what did you come?<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Wishing to learn to speak; for by reason of<br/>
usury, and most ill-natured creditors, I am pillaged and<br/>
plundered, and have my goods seized for debt.<br/></p>
<p> Soc. How did you get in debt without observing it?<br/></p>
<p> Strep. A horse-disease consumed me—terrible at eating.<br/>
But teach me the other one of your two causes, that<br/>
which pays nothing; and I will swear by the gods, I will<br/>
pay down to you whatever reward you exact of me.<br/></p>
<p> Soc. By what gods will you swear? For, in the first<br/>
place, gods are not a current coin with us.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. By what do you swear? By iron money, as in<br/>
Byzantium?<br/></p>
<p> Soc. Do you wish to know clearly celestial matters, what<br/>
they rightly are?<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Yes, by Jupiter, if it be possible!<br/></p>
<p> Soc. And to hold converse with the Clouds, our<br/>
divinities?<br/></p>
<p> Strep. By all means.<br/></p>
<p> Soc. (with great solemnity). Seat yourself, then, upon<br/>
the sacred couch.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Well, I am seated!<br/></p>
<p> Soc. Take, then, this chaplet.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. For what purpose a chaplet? Ah me! Socrates, see<br/>
that you do not sacrifice me like Athamas!<br/></p>
<p> Strep. No; we do all these to those who get initiated.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Then what shall I gain, pray?<br/></p>
<p> Soc. You shall become in oratory a tricky knave, a<br/>
thorough rattle, a subtle speaker. But keep quiet.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. By Jupiter! You will not deceive me; for if I am<br/>
besprinkled, I shall become fine flour.<br/></p>
<p> Soc. It becomes the old man to speak words of good omen,<br/>
and to hearken to my prayer. O sovereign King,<br/>
immeasurable Air, who keepest the earth suspended, and<br/>
through bright Aether, and ye august goddesses, the<br/>
Clouds, sending thunder and lightning, arise, appear in<br/>
the air, O mistresses, to your deep thinker!<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Not yet, not yet, till I wrap this around me lest<br/>
I be wet through. To think of my having come from home<br/>
without even a cap, unlucky man!<br/></p>
<p> Soc. Come then, ye highly honoured Clouds, for a display<br/>
to this man. Whether ye are sitting upon the sacred<br/>
snow-covered summits of Olympus, or in the gardens of<br/>
Father Ocean form a sacred dance with the Nymphs, or<br/>
draw in golden pitchers the streams of the waters of the<br/>
Nile, or inhabit the Maeotic lake, or the snowy rock of<br/>
Mimas, hearken to our prayer, and receive the sacrifice,<br/>
and be propitious to the sacred rites.<br/></p>
<p> [The following song is heard at a distance, accompanied<br/>
by loud claps of thunder.]<br/></p>
<p> Chorus. Eternal Clouds! Let us arise to view with our<br/>
dewy, clear-bright nature, from loud-sounding Father<br/>
Ocean to the wood-crowned summits of the lofty<br/>
mountains, in order that we may behold clearly the<br/>
far-seen watch-towers, and the fruits, and the<br/>
fostering, sacred earth, and the rushing sounds of the<br/>
divine rivers, and the roaring, loud-sounding sea; for<br/>
the unwearied eye of Aether sparkles with glittering<br/>
rays. Come, let us shake off the watery cloud from our<br/>
immortal forms and survey the earth with far-seeing eye.<br/></p>
<p> Soc. O ye greatly venerable Clouds, ye have clearly<br/>
heard me when I called.<br/></p>
<p> [Turning to Strepsiades.]<br/></p>
<p> Did you hear the voice, and the thunder which bellowed<br/>
at the same time, feared as a god?<br/></p>
<p> Strep. I too worship you, O ye highly honoured, and am<br/>
inclined to reply to the thundering, so much do I<br/>
tremble at them and am alarmed. And whether it be<br/>
lawful, or be not lawful, I have a desire just now to<br/>
ease myself.<br/></p>
<p> Soc. Don't scoff, nor do what these poor-devil-poets do,<br/>
but use words of good omen, for a great swarm of<br/>
goddesses is in motion with their songs.<br/></p>
<p> Cho. Ye rain-bringing virgins, let us come to the<br/>
fruitful land of Pallas, to view the much-loved country<br/>
of Cecrops, abounding in brave men; where is reverence<br/>
for sacred rites not to be divulged; where the house<br/>
that receives the initiated is thrown open in holy<br/>
mystic rites; and gifts to the celestial gods; and<br/>
high-roofed temples, and statues; and most sacred<br/>
processions in honour of the blessed gods; and<br/>
well-crowned sacrifices to the gods, and feasts, at all<br/>
seasons; and with the approach of spring the Bacchic<br/>
festivity, and the rousings of melodious choruses, and<br/>
the loud-sounding music of flutes.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Tell me, O Socrates, I beseech you, by Jupiter,<br/>
who are these that have uttered this grand song? Are<br/>
they some heroines?<br/></p>
<p> Soc. By no means; but heavenly Clouds, great divinities<br/>
to idle men; who supply us with thought and argument,<br/>
and intelligence and humbug, and circumlocution, and<br/>
ability to hoax, and comprehension.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. On this account therefore my soul, having heard<br/>
their voice, flutters, and already seeks to discourse<br/>
subtilely, and to quibble about smoke, and having<br/>
pricked a maxim with a little notion, to refute the<br/>
opposite argument. So that now I eagerly desire, if by<br/>
any means it be possible, to see them palpably.<br/></p>
<p> Soc. Look, then, hither, toward Mount Parnes; for now I<br/>
behold them descending gently.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Pray where? Show me.<br/></p>
<p> Soc. See! There they come in great numbers through the<br/>
hollows and thickets; there, obliquely.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. What's the matter? For I can't see them.<br/></p>
<p> Soc. By the entrance.<br/></p>
<p> [Enter Chorus]<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Now at length with difficulty I just see them.<br/></p>
<p> Soc. Now at length you assuredly see them, unless you<br/>
have your eyes running pumpkins.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Yes, by Jupiter! O highly honoured Clouds, for<br/>
now they cover all things.<br/></p>
<p> Soc. Did you not, however, know, nor yet consider, these<br/>
to be goddesses?<br/></p>
<p> Strep. No, by Jupiter! But I thought them to be mist,<br/>
and dew, and smoke.<br/></p>
<p> Soc. For you do not know, by Jupiter! that these feed<br/>
very many sophists, Thurian soothsayers, practisers of<br/>
medicine, lazy-long-haired-onyx-ring-wearers,<br/>
song-twisters for the cyclic dances, and meteorological<br/>
quacks. They feed idle people who do nothing, because<br/>
such men celebrate them in verse.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. For this reason, then, they introduced into their<br/>
verses "the dreadful impetuosity of the moist,<br/>
whirling-bright clouds"; and the "curls of<br/>
hundred-headed Typho"; and the "hard-blowing tempests";<br/>
and then "aerial, moist"; "crooked-clawed birds,<br/>
floating in air"; and "the showers of rain from dewy<br/>
Clouds". And then, in return for these, they swallow<br/>
"slices of great, fine mullets, and bird's-flesh of<br/>
thrushes."<br/></p>
<p> Soc. Is it not just, however, that they should have<br/>
their reward, on account of these?<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Tell me, pray, if they are really clouds, what<br/>
ails them, that they resemble mortal women? For they are<br/>
not such.<br/></p>
<p> Soc. Pray, of what nature are they?<br/></p>
<p> Strep. I do not clearly know: at any rate they resemble<br/>
spread-out fleeces, and not women, by Jupiter! Not a<br/>
bit; for these have noses.<br/></p>
<p> Soc. Answer, then, whatever I ask you.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Then say quickly what you wish.<br/></p>
<p> Soc. Have you ever, when you; looked up, seen a cloud<br/>
like to a centaur, or a panther, or a wolf, or a bull?<br/></p>
<p> Strep. By Jupiter, have I! But what of that?<br/></p>
<p> Soc. They become all things, whatever they please. And<br/>
then if they see a person with long hair, a wild one of<br/>
these hairy fellows, like the son of Xenophantes, in<br/>
derision of his folly, they liken themselves to<br/>
centaurs.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Why, what, if they should see Simon, a plunderer<br/>
of the public property, what do they do?<br/></p>
<p> Soc. They suddenly become wolves, showing up his<br/>
disposition.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. For this reason, then, for this reason, when they<br/>
yesterday saw Cleonymus the recreant, on this account<br/>
they became stags, because they saw this most cowardly<br/>
fellow.<br/></p>
<p> Soc. And now too, because they saw Clisthenes, you<br/>
observe, on this account they became women.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Hail therefore, O mistresses! And now, if ever ye<br/>
did to any other, to me also utter a voice reaching to<br/>
heaven, O all-powerful queens.<br/></p>
<p> Cho. Hail, O ancient veteran, hunter after learned<br/>
speeches! And thou, O priest of most subtle trifles!<br/>
Tell us what you require? For we would not hearken to<br/>
any other of the recent meteorological sophists, except<br/>
to Prodicus; to him, on account of his wisdom and<br/>
intelligence; and to you, because you walk proudly in<br/>
the streets, and cast your eyes askance, and endure many<br/>
hardships with bare feet, and in reliance upon us<br/>
lookest supercilious.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. O Earth, what a voice! How holy and dignified and<br/>
wondrous!<br/></p>
<p> Soc. For, in fact, these alone are goddesses; and all<br/>
the rest is nonsense.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. But come, by the Earth, is not Jupiter, the<br/>
Olympian, a god?<br/></p>
<p> Soc. What Jupiter? Do not trifle. There is no Jupiter.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. What do you say? Who rains then? For first of all<br/>
explain this to me.<br/></p>
<p> Soc. These to be sure. I will teach you it by powerful<br/>
evidence. Come, where have you ever seen him raining at<br/>
any time without Clouds? And yet he ought to rain in<br/>
fine weather, and these be absent.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. By Apollo, of a truth you have rightly confirmed<br/>
this by your present argument. And yet, before this, I<br/>
really thought that Jupiter caused the rain. But tell me<br/>
who is it that thunders. This makes me tremble.<br/></p>
<p> Soc. These, as they roll, thunder.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. In what way? you all-daring man!<br/></p>
<p> Soc. When they are full of much water, and are compelled<br/>
to be borne along, being necessarily precipitated when<br/>
full of rain, then they fall heavily upon each other and<br/>
burst and clap.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Who is it that compels them to borne along? Is it<br/>
not Jupiter?<br/></p>
<p> Soc. By no means, but aethereal Vortex.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Vortex? It had escaped my notice that Jupiter did<br/>
not exist, and that Vortex now reigned in his stead. But<br/>
you have taught me nothing as yet concerning the clap<br/>
and the thunder.<br/></p>
<p> Soc. Have you not heard me, that I said that the Clouds,<br/>
when full of moisture, dash against each other and clap<br/>
by reason of their density?<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Come, how am I to believe this?<br/></p>
<p> Soc. I'll teach you from your own case. Were you ever,<br/>
after being stuffed with broth at the Panathenaic<br/>
festival, then disturbed in your belly, and did a<br/>
tumult suddenly rumble through it?<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Yes, by Apollo! And immediately the little broth<br/>
plays the mischief with me, and is disturbed and rumbles<br/>
like thunder, and grumbles dreadfully: at first gently<br/>
pappax, pappax; and then it adds papa-pappax; and<br/>
finally, it thunders downright papapappax, as they do.<br/></p>
<p> Soc. Consider, therefore, how you have trumpeted from a<br/>
little belly so small; and how is it not probable that<br/>
this air, being boundless, should thunder so loudly?<br/></p>
<p> Strep. For this reason, therefore, the two names also<br/>
Trump and Thunder, are similar to each other. But teach<br/>
me this, whence comes the thunderbolt blazing with fire,<br/>
and burns us to ashes when it smites us, and singes<br/>
those who survive. For indeed Jupiter evidently hurls<br/>
this at the perjured.<br/></p>
<p> Soc. Why, how then, you foolish person, and savouring of<br/>
the dark ages and antediluvian, if his manner is to<br/>
smite the perjured, does he not blast Simon, and<br/>
Cleonymus, and Theorus? And yet they are very perjured.<br/>
But he smites his own temple, and Sunium the promontory<br/>
of Athens, and the tall oaks. Wherefore, for indeed an<br/>
oak does not commit perjury.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. I do not know; but you seem to speak well. For<br/>
what, pray, is the thunderbolt?<br/></p>
<p> Soc. When a dry wind, having been raised aloft, is<br/>
inclosed in these Clouds, it inflates them within, like<br/>
a bladder; and then, of necessity, having burst them, it<br/>
rushes out with vehemence by reason of its density,<br/>
setting fire to itself through its rushing and<br/>
impetuosity.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. By Jupiter, of a truth I once experienced this<br/>
exactly at the Diasian festival! I was roasting a<br/>
haggis for my kinsfolk, and through neglect I did not<br/>
cut it open; but it became inflated and then suddenly<br/>
bursting, befouled my eyes and burned my face.<br/></p>
<p> Cho. O mortal, who hast desired great wisdom from us!<br/>
How happy will you become among the Athenians and among<br/>
the Greeks, if you be possessed of a good memory, and be<br/>
a deep thinker, and endurance of labour be implanted in<br/>
your soul, and you be not wearied either by standing or<br/>
walking, nor be exceedingly vexed at shivering with<br/>
cold, nor long to break your fast, and you refrain from<br/>
wine, and gymnastics, and the other follies, and<br/>
consider this the highest excellence, as is proper a<br/>
clever man should, to conquer by action and counsel, and<br/>
by battling with your tongue.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. As far as regards a sturdy spirit, and care that<br/>
makes one's bed uneasy, and a frugal spirit and<br/>
hard-living and savory-eating belly, be of good courage<br/>
and don't trouble yourself; I would offer myself to<br/>
hammer on, for that matter.<br/></p>
<p> Soc. Will you not, pray, now believe in no god, except<br/>
what we believe in—this Chaos, and the Clouds, and the<br/>
Tongue—these three?<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Absolutely I would not even converse with the<br/>
others, not even if I met them; nor would I sacrifice to<br/>
them, nor make libations, nor offer frankincense.<br/></p>
<p> Cho. Tell us then boldly, what we must do for you? For<br/>
you shall not fail in getting it, if you honour and<br/>
admire us, and seek to become clever.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. O mistresses, I request of you then this very<br/>
small favour, that I be the best of the Greeks in<br/>
speaking by a hundred stadia.<br/></p>
<p> Cho. Well, you shall have this from us, so that<br/>
hence-forward from this time no one shall get more<br/>
opinions passed in the public assemblies than you.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Grant me not to deliver important opinions; for I<br/>
do not desire these, but only to pervert the right for<br/>
my own advantage, and to evade my creditors.<br/></p>
<p> Cho. Then you shall obtain what you desire; for you do<br/>
not covet great things. But commit yourself without fear<br/>
to our ministers.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. I will do so in reliance upon you, for necessity<br/>
oppresses me, on account of the blood-horses, and the<br/>
marriage that ruined me. Now, therefore, let them use me<br/>
as they please. I give up this body to them to be<br/>
beaten, to be hungered, to be troubled with thirst, to<br/>
be squalid, to shiver with cold, to flay into a leathern<br/>
bottle, if I shall escape clear from my debts, and<br/>
appear to men to be bold, glib of tongue, audacious,<br/>
impudent, shameless, a fabricator of falsehoods,<br/>
inventive of words, a practiced knave in lawsuits, a<br/>
law-tablet, a thorough rattle, a fox, a sharper, a<br/>
slippery knave, a dissembler, a slippery fellow, an<br/>
impostor, a gallows-bird, a blackguard, a twister, a<br/>
troublesome fellow, a licker-up of hashes. If they call<br/>
me this, when they meet me, let them do to me absolutely<br/>
what they please. And if they like, by Ceres, let them<br/>
serve up a sausage out of me to the deep thinkers.<br/></p>
<p> Cho. This man has a spirit not void of courage, but<br/>
prompt. Know, that if you learn these matters from me,<br/>
you will possess among mortals a glory as high as<br/>
heaven.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. What shall I experience?<br/></p>
<p> Cho. You shall pass with me the most enviable of mortal<br/>
lives the whole time.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Shall I then ever see this?<br/></p>
<p> Cho. Yea, so that many be always seated at your gates,<br/>
wishing to communicate with you and come to a conference<br/>
with you, to consult with you as to actions and<br/>
affidavits of many talents, as is worthy of your<br/>
abilities.<br/></p>
<p> [To Socrates.]<br/></p>
<p> But attempt to teach the old man by degrees whatever you<br/>
purpose, and scrutinize his intellect, and make trial of<br/>
his mind.<br/></p>
<p> Soc. Come now, tell me your own turn of mind; in order<br/>
that, when I know of what sort it is, I may now, after<br/>
this, apply to you new engines.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. What? By the gods, do you purpose to besiege me?<br/></p>
<p> Soc. No; I wish to briefly learn from you if you are<br/>
possessed of a good memory.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. In two ways, by Jove! If anything be owing to me,<br/>
I have a very good memory; but if I owe unhappy man, I<br/>
am very forgetful.<br/></p>
<p> Soc. Is the power of speaking, pray, implanted in your<br/>
nature?<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Speaking is not in me, but cheating is.<br/></p>
<p> Soc. How, then, will you be able to learn?<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Excellently, of course.<br/></p>
<p> Soc. Come, then, take care that, whenever I propound any<br/>
clever dogma about abstruse matters, you catch it up<br/>
immediately.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. What then? Am I to feed upon wisdom like a dog?<br/></p>
<p> Soc. This man is ignorant and brutish—I fear, old man,<br/>
lest you will need blows. Come, let me see; what do you<br/>
do if any one beat you?<br/></p>
<p> Strep. I take the beating; and then, when I have waited<br/>
a little while, I call witnesses to prove it; then<br/>
again, after a short interval, I go to law.<br/></p>
<p> Soc. Come, then, lay down your cloak.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Have I done any wrong?<br/></p>
<p> Soc. No; but it is the rule to enter naked.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. But I do not enter to search for stolen goods.<br/></p>
<p> Soc. Lay it down. Why do you talk nonsense?<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Now tell me this, pray. If I be diligent and<br/>
learn zealously, to which of your disciples shall I<br/>
become like?<br/></p>
<p> Soc. You will no way differ from Chaerephon in<br/>
intellect.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Ah me, unhappy! I shall become half-dead.<br/></p>
<p> Soc. Don't chatter; but quickly follow me hither with<br/>
smartness.<br/></p>
<p> Strep. Then give me first into my hands a honeyed cake;<br/>
for I am afraid of descending within, as if into the<br/>
cave of Trophonius.<br/></p>
<p> Soc. Proceed; why do you keep poking about the door?<br/></p>
<p> [Exeunt Socrates and Strepsiades]<br/></p>
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